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lkekftd 'kks/ dh i¼fr

uksV esa la'kksèku ,oa ifjorZu dj ysA ,slk u djus ij ladfyr rF; gkfuizn ,oa O;FkZ fl¼ gksrs gSaA bl lanHkZ esa izQkbZ
(Fry) us fy[kk gS] ¶ek=k fof'k"V iz'uksa osQ lanHkZ eas gh rF;ksa dk ladyu ugha djuk pkfg, oju~ ,d laLFkk
vFkok ifjfLFkfr dh xos"k.kk esa iz'uksa dks lnSo lq>ko osQ :i esa le>uk pkfg,A¸
3- fof'k"V vfHk#fp;ksa rFkk laosxksa dk izHkko (Influence of Specific Interests and Emotions)µdbZ
ckj vuqlaèkkudrkZ viuh fdlh fof'k"V #fp vkSj laosx osQ dkj.k ,d fo'ks"k vè;;u&fo"k; dk pquko djrk
gS vkSj mlosQ izfr i{kikriw.kZ joS;k viukrk gS] rc mlosQ }kjk fd;k tkus okyk vè;;u voSKkfud gks tkrk gSA

4- vè;;udrkZ dk izfr"Bk ¯cnq (Prestige Point of the Investigator)µdbZ ckj vè;;udrkZ viuh
izkDdYiuk dks Js"B o lgh eku ysrk gS vkSj mlosQ lkFk vius lEeku dks tksM+ ysrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa og
izkDdYiuk osQ foijhr ;FkkFkZ rF;ksa dks Hkh Lohdkj ugha djuk pkgrkA ;g fLFkfr oSKkfud lR; rd igq¡pus esa
ckèkd gSA
Li"V gS fd ;|fi izkDdYiuk,¡ vuqlaèkku osQ fy, mi;ksxh gksrh gSa] fiQj Hkh muosQ iz;ksx esa lkoèkkuh cjruh
pkfg,A bl lanHkZ esa osLVkos (Westaway) us mfpr gh fy[kk gS] ¶izkDdYiuk,¡ os yksfj;k¡ gaS tks fd vlkoèkku
dks xkuk xkdj lqyk nsrh gSaA¸ ih-oh ;ax fy[krh gSa] ¶;fn vè;;udrkZ okLrfod oSKkfud Hkkouk osQ vkèkkj ij
fdlh fo'ks"k ifjfLFkfr esa rF;ksa dks fl¼ djus dh vksj ugha oju~ lh[kus vkSj le>us dh vksj c<+rk gS] rc
mldh izkDdYiuk dksbZ fufgr LokFkZ ugha cusxh vkSj ;fn uohu rF; mldh izkDdYiuk dks vlR; fl¼ djrs
gSa rks mldh [;kfr rFkk izfr"Bk dks dksbZ vk?kkr ugha igq¡psxkA¸

3-15 ifjdYiuk fuekZ.k esa izeq[k dfBukb;k¡
(Main Difficulties in Formulation of Hypothesis)

izkDdYiuk dk fuekZ.k djuk dksbZ ljy dk;Z ugha gSA xqMs o gkV osQ vuqlkj blosQ varxZr nks izdkj dh
dfBukb;k¡ vk ldrh gSaµlS¼kafrd <k¡ps ls lacafèkr rFkk vè;;u iz.kkfy;ksa ls lacafèkrA

I. lS¼kafrd <kaps ls lacafèkr (Related to Theoretical Frame-Work)µizkDdYiuk osQ fuekZ.k esa
lS¼kafrd <kaps ls lacafèkr fuEukafdr dfBukb;k¡ vk ldrh gSa%
1. Li"V <kaps dh vuqifLFkfr (Absence of definite frame-work)µdbZ ckj ,slh fLFkfr Hkh gksrh
gS fd vuqlaèkkudrkZ dks fo"k; ls lacafèkr fl¼karksa dk gh Kku ugha gksrk gS rc og mi;qDr izkDdYiukvkas
dk fuekZ.k ugha dj ikrkA uohu foKkuksa osQ lanHkZ esa ;g ckr vfèkd [kjh mrjrh gSA

2. <kaps osQ rk£dd ,oa oqQ'ky iz;ksx dk vHkko (Lack of logical and efficient use of frame)µ;fn
lS¼kafrd <kapk miyCèk gS] ¯drq izkDdYiuk fuekZ.k esa mldk iz;ksx rk£dd ,oa oqQ'kyrkiwoZd djus esa
vè;;udrkZ v{ke gS] rc Hkh lgh izkDdYiuk dk fuekZ.k ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
II. vè;;u iz.kkfy;ksa ls lacafèkr (Related to Research Techniques)µorZeku oSKkfud Kku ,oa
vuqlaèkku dh iz.kkfy;ksa esa cgqr vfèkd o`f¼ gS ftuosQ ckjs esa lHkh dks tkudkjh gksuk vko';d ugha gSA vkt
lkekftd lacaèkksa dk vè;;u ,oa vfHkO;fDr xf.krh; lw=kksa esa dh tkus yxh gSA oaQI;wVj }kjk vè;;u esa enn
yh tkrh gSA vr% ;g vko';d gS fd izkDdYiukvksa osQ fuekZ.k esa vè;;udrkZ vè;;u&iz.kkfy;ksa dks Hkh è;ku
esa j[ks rkfd vè;;u esa le;] Je vkSj èku dh cpr dh tk losQA
buosQ vfrfjDr oqQN vU; dfBukb;k¡ bl izdkj gSaµ

1. ?kVuk dh ifjorZu'khyrkµlkekftd ?kVukvksa dh ;g fo'ks"krk gS fd os ifjorZu'khy gSaA tks fLFkfr vkt
gS] og dy ugha jgsxhA ekuo osQ fopkj] fo'okl] Hkkouk,¡ vkSj eukso`fÙk;k¡ cnyrh jgrh gSa] vr% muosQ ckjs

40 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY