Page 271 - DCAP101_BASIC_COMPUTER_SKILLS

Basic Computer Skills

Notes 13.2 Web Page

A Web page or Webpage is a document or information resource that is suitable for the World
Wide Web and can be accessed through a web browser and displayed on a monitor or mobile
device. This information is usually in HTML or XHTML format, and may provide navigation
to other web pages via hypertext links. Web pages frequently subsume other resources such
as style sheets, scripts and images into their final presentation.

Web pages may be retrieved from a local computer or from a remote web server. The web
server may restrict access only to a private network, e.g. a corporate intranet, or it may
publish pages on the World Wide Web. Web pages are requested and served from web
servers using Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

Web pages may consist of files of static text and other content stored within the web server’s
file system (static web pages), or may be constructed by server-side software when they are
requested (dynamic web pages). Client-side scripting can make web pages more responsive
to user input once on the client browser.
13.2.1 Color, Typography, Illustration and Interaction

Web pages usually include information as to the colors of text and backgrounds and very
often also contain links to images and sometimes other types of media to be included in
the final view. Layout, typographic and color-scheme information is provided by Cascading
Style Sheet (CSS) instructions, which can either be embedded in the HTML or can be
provided by a separate file, which is referenced from within the HTML. The latter case is
especially relevant where one lengthy style sheet is relevant to a whole website: due to the
way HTTP works, the browser will only download it once from the web server and use the
cached copy for the whole site. Images are stored on the web server as separate files, but
again HTTP allows for the fact that once a web page is downloaded to a browser, it is quite
likely that related files such as images and style sheets will be requested as it is processed.
An HTTP 1.1 web server will maintain a connection with the browser until all related
resources have been requested and provided. Web browsers usually render images along
with the text and other material on the displayed web page.
13.2.2 Dynamic Behavior

Client-side computer code such as JavaScript or code implementing Ajax techniques can be
provided either embedded in the HTML of a web page or, like CSS style sheets, as separate,
linked downloads specified in the HTML. These scripts may run on the client computer, if
the user allows.

Each day when browsing the Internet, we visit a lot of websites, some
more complex, others — just simple personal pages. The term “website”
represents a summary of all the content you have put online — each file
takes part in what the website represents, and The driving power behind
the website, the pillars that hold it together, are the web pages.

13.3 Website

The location bar (in Netscape Navigator) or Address bar (in IE) typically shows the address
for the last page you accessed. You can also use the location bar to access a specific page
by typing the address for that page into the location bar.

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