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Pretty Bhalla, Lovely Professional University Unit 2: Evolution of Management Thought

Unit 2: Evolution of Management Thought Notes

CONTENTS
Objectives

Introduction
2.1 Classical Theory

2.2 Scientific Management Approach
2.3 Management Process or Administrative Management Approach
2.4 Bureaucracy

2.5 Neo-classical Theory
2.6 Behavioural Science Approach

2.7 Quantitative Approach
2.8 Systems Approach
2.9 Contingency Approach

2.10 Operational Approach
2.11 Summary
2.12 Keywords

2.13 Self Assessment
2.14 Review Questions
2.15 Further Readings

Objectives

After studying this unit, you will be able to:
Discuss the classical theory of management
Realise the fundamentals of scientific management

Explain the systems approach
State the contingency approach

Introduction

The origin of management can be traced back to the days when man started living in groups.
One can argue that management took the form of leadership which was essential to coordinate
the efforts of the group members in order to arrange the necessities of life. History reveals that
strong men organised the masses into groups according to their intelligence, physical and
mental capabilities. According to Egyptian literature of 1300 B.C., the art of management was
being practiced in different forms by different people. The literature clearly indicates the
recognition of the importance of organisation and administration in the bureaucratic set up.
Similar records exist for ancient China. According to L.S. Hsu, Confucius’s parables include

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