Page 130 - DCOM204_AUDITING_THEORY

Auditing Theory

Notes 4. Facilitates acquisition of an in-depth knowledge and understanding of the systems and
procedures, actually in operation.
5. Enables the Statutory Auditor in the determination of the degree of effectiveness of Internal
Audit in the auditee organization.
6. Enables Government Audit to review the comprehensiveness in specific terms, of the
evaluation conducted, both by the Internal Audit Wing as also by the Statutory Auditor of
the organization.

7.5.6 Inter-relationship between Audit and Internal Controls

The Statement on Standard Auditing Practices (SAP) pertaining to the “Study and Evaluation of
the Accounting System and Related Internal Controls in connection with an Audit”, defines the
inter-relationship between the Statutory Auditor and internal control.
The System of Internal Control is the plan of organization and all the methods and procedures
adopted by the Management of an entity to assist in achieving management’s objective of
ensuring, as far as practicable, the orderly and efficient conduct of business, including adherence
to Management policies, the safeguarding of assets, prevention and detection of fraud and error,
the accuracy and completeness of the accounting records and the timely preparation of reliable
financial information. The system of internal control extends beyond those matters which relate
directly to the functions of the accounting system. The internal audit functions constitute a
separate component of internal control established with the objective of determining whether
other internal controls are well designed and properly operated.

7.5.7 Distinction between Control Environment and Control Procedures

It would be necessary at this stage, to make a distinction between the concepts of ‘control
environment’ and ‘control procedures’. The control environment refers to the overall attitude,
awareness and actions of the Management regarding control and its role and importance in the
entity.
Factors reflected in the control environment include:

1. Management’s philosophy and operating style.
2. The organizational structure and methods of assigning authority and responsibility.
3. Management’s control system (including internal audit functions).
4. The functions of the Board of Directors, personnel policies, procedures and external
influences.
A strong control environment (e.g. one with tight budgetary controls and an effective audit
function) can significantly complement specific controls. However, this by itself does not ensure
the overall effectiveness of the system of internal control. Hence arises the necessity for ‘control
procedures’.

7.5.8 Control Procedures
Control procedures encompass policies and procedures established by the Management, in
order to provide for the attainment of certain objectives. These could include the existence of
systems for:
1. An effective system of reconciliation of Books of Accounts.
2. Check of the arithmetical accuracy of the records.

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