Page 63 - DMGT209_QUANTITATIVE_TECHNIQUES_II

Quantitative Techniques-II

Notes to generate alternative solutions. This statement signifies the need for defining a research problem.
The problem to be investigated must be defined unambiguously for that will help to discriminate
relevant data from the irrelevant ones. A proper definition of research problem will enable the
researcher to be on the track whereas an ill-defined problem may create hurdles. When you define
a research problem you are trying to reduce the outcome of an answer. The question of course
when you speak about “marketing research” is how I can target more customers that I can sell my
product to. You are looking for specific answers such as: “What type of soda do all foreign born
males between the ages of 25-35 drink?” This is defining the problem. What do you consider
foreign born males? What constitutes soda? etc. This is important because companies and sales
organization attempt to “target” their market instead of taking a shotgun approach. The process is
to first make sure any information you obtain is credible and from a reputable organization. Then
break down your problem and pick apart any inconsistencies you may see within you research
project. Problem formulation is the key to research process. For a researcher, problem formulation
means converting the management problem to a research problem.
In order to attain clarity, the manager and researcher must articulate clearly so that perfect
understanding of each other’s is achieved.

Self Assessment

Fill in the blanks:
6. In order to attain clarity, the manager and researcher must ...................... clearly.
7. Problem ......................... is the key to research process.

8. When you define a research problem you are trying to ...................... the outcome of an
answer.
9. Changes in the demographics, technological and legal changes affect the .......................
function.

4.5 Pilot Testing

A pilot test is a method used to test the design and/or methods and/or instrument prior to
carrying out the research. Basically, pilot testing means finding out if your survey, key informant
interview guide or observation form will work in the “real world” by trying it out first on a few
people. Can be small, 3-5, since the purpose is not to collect data but to refine your process and/
or instrument.
Pilot testing involves conducting a preliminary test of data collection tools and procedures to
identify and eliminate problems, allowing programs to make corrective changes or adjustments
before actually collecting data from the target population. A pilot survey is very useful when
the actual survey is to be on a big scale as it may provide data which will allow costs to be
trimmed. Also, a pilot survey will give an estimate of the non-response rate and it will also give
a guide as to the adequacy of the sampling frame chosen.

Did u know? Why pilot test?
The purpose is to make sure that everyone in your sample not only understands the
questions, but understands them in the same way. This way, too, you can see if any
questions make respondents feel uncomfortable. You’ll also be able to find out how long
it takes to complete the survey in real time.

58 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY