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Indian Economy

Notes Stress on evaluation and monitoring through on-going programmes to realize the impact
of the schemes being implemented.

Systematic interaction with Research organisations like ICAR for technical guidance in
various areas of crop production, evolving of specific rice varieties for mid and high
altitude regions and varietal improvement of local cultivars for better productivity.

Thrusts on land development and management.
Use of Information Technology through setting up of computer network for imparting
new technology and for providing marketing intelligence system.

Use of Sprinkler irrigation, Drip irrigation, mulching and rain-water harvesting to be
given more emphasis.

6.5 Agriculture in India Since 1961

In this section, you will study about the agriculture in India. The status of agriculture in India can
be understood by the help of taking an example of a state of India like Goa.
Goa is a small State situated on West Coast of India, extent over in an area of 3,702 sq. km. The
State is bordered on the east by Sahyadri Mountains and on the West with Arabian Sea. The
Northern slope of Goa borders Maharashtra State while Southern zone is bordered by Karnataka
State. Goa has rich wealth of biodiversity. The State of Goa was governed by Portuguese for
nearly 450 years till it was liberated in 1961. For last 50 years of Liberation, the State has made
an extraordinary development in agricultural area besides numerous other scopes of economic
upliftment. The GSDP of Goa stands at ` 80,000 per annum. Though tourism and mining are at
front position in terms of employment generation, agriculture has been providing employment
support to almost 12% of the population. The Agriculture along with Forests in Goa is instrumental
in keeping Goa green and cover nearly 65% of the total area of the State. In the last fifty year of
liberation, the State has seen main changes in the agriculture sector. At the time of liberation,
nearly 70% of the population was involved in agriculture as their full time occupation. Paddy
was the main crop of the State tracked by Cashew and Coconut. The cropping design is altering
and today, we have Cashew nut which is refined in nearly 55,000 ha with paddy covering about
31,000 ha. The cultivation of horticultural crops is gaining importance due to the better returns,
lower risk and tolerance of these crops for part time farming.

Climate and Rainfall

You may already be aware that Goa gets rain from the South-West monsoons. The normal
rainfall is 2800 mm. rainy season is spread over four months from June to September. Occasional
thunder showers are experienced in May and October. Goa involvements warm and humid
tropical climate. The summer temperature ranges from 24°C to 36°C. In winter, the mercury
hovers between 21°C and 30°C.

Humidity

The average relative humidity is 75.90%.

Altitude

In Goa, the land elevation ranges from sea level to 1,022 meters. The highest point is the Wagheri
Hills in Sattari taluka. The Ghat section of NH-4, rises to 650 meters MSL near Anmod.

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