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Unit 14: Professional Ethics and Current Issues




             In all 29  Accounting Standards have been prescribed. However  their applicability  is  Notes
             dependent on its size – Level I/II/III Company. The following text lists out the Accounting
             Standards and its applicability.
          Level I Company: Enterprises, which fall in any one or more of the following categories, at any
          time during the accounting period, are classified as Level I enterprises:

          1.   Enterprises whose equity or debt securities are listed whether in India or outside India.
          2.   Enterprises, which are in the process of listing their equity or debt securities as evidenced
               by the board of directors’ resolution in this regard.

          3.   Banks including co-operative banks.
          4.   Financial Institutions.
          5.   Enterprises carrying on insurance business.
          6.   All commercial,  industrial and business reporting enterprises, whose turnover for  the
               immediately preceding accounting period on the basis of audited financial statements
               exceeds  500 million. Turnover does not include ‘other income’.

          7.   All  commercial,  industrial  and  business  reporting  enterprises having  borrowings,
               including public deposits, in excess of   100 million at any time during the accounting
               period.
          8.   Holding and subsidiary enterprises of any one of the above at any time during the accounting
               period.

          Level II Company: Enterprises, which are, not Level I enterprises but fall in any one or more of
          the following categories are classified as Level II enterprises:
          1.   All commercial,  industrial and business reporting enterprises, whose turnover for  the
               immediately preceding accounting period on the basis of audited financial statements
               exceeds  4 million, but does not exceed  500 million. Turnover does not include ‘other
               income’.
          2.   All commercial, industrial and business reporting enterprises having borrowing, including
               public deposits, in excess of   10 million but not in excess of   100 million at any time
               during the accounting period.
          3.   Holding and subsidiary enterprises of any one of the above at any time during the accounting
               period.
          Level III Company: Enterprises, which are not covered under Level I and Level II are considered
          as Level III enterprises.

          Self Assessment

          Fill in the blanks:
          4.   ....................................... does not  include personal  misconduct by  those charged  with
               governance, management or employees of the entity.

          5.   The mission of .............................is to serve the public interest, strengthen the worldwide
               accountancy  profession  and  contribute to  the development  of  strong  international
               economies.
          6.   .................................... does not apply to other assurance engagements in which the auditor
               is specifically engaged to test and report separately on compliance with specific laws or
               regulations.



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