Page 275 - DCAP310_INTRODUCTION_TO_ARTIFICIAL_INTELLIGENCE_AND_EXPERT_SYSTEMS

Unit 14: Types of Learning

An expert system tool, or shell, is a software development environment containing the Notes
basic components of expert systems

Inductive reasoning works the other way, moving from specific observations to broader
generalizations and theories.
The inductive bias of a learning algorithm is the set of assumptions that the learner uses to
predict outputs given inputs that it has not encountered.

14.11 Keywords

Backtracking: It is a general algorithm for finding all (or some) solutions to some computational
problem that incrementally builds candidates to the solutions.

Explanation-Based Learning (EBL): It is a form of machine learning that exploits a very strong,
or even perfect, domain theory to make generalizations or form concepts from training examples.
Knowledge Acquisition: It is a structured way of developing knowledge-based systems (expert
systems).
Knowledge-based Systems: Knowledge-based system are artificial intelligent tools working in
a narrow domain to provide intelligent decisions with justification.
User Interface: The user interface, in the industrial design field of human – machine interaction,
is the space where interaction between humans and machines occurs.
14.12 Review Questions

1. Explain the knowledge acquisition difficulties.
2. Explain the general learning model.
3. What are the different measures of performance?
4. Write few knowledge system building tools.

5. What is learning by induction?
6. Explain super class.
7. What is the inductive bias?

8. Explain analogical reasoning and learning.
9. What is explanation based learning?
10. Differentiate generalization and aggregation.

Answers: Self Assessment

1. True 2. False
3. False 4. True

5. False 6. True
7. True 8. True
9. True 10. True
11. False 12. False

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