Page 11 - DCAP313_LAB_ON_COMPUTER_GRAPHICS

Unit 1: Fundamentals of Computer Graphics

Computer graphics is a fun and rewarding area to work in, and has now become a well established Notes
field of Computer Science.
The phrase “Computer Graphics” was coined in 1960 by William Fetter, a
graphic designer for Boeing. The field of computer graphics developed with
the emergence of computer graphics hardware.

1.2 Application of Computer Graphics

Computer-aided Design for engineering and architectural systems etc. Objects maybe presented
in a wireframe outline form. Multi-window environment is also privileged for producing various
zooming scales and views. Animations are useful for testing performance. Presentation Graphics
to produce illustrations which summarize various kinds of data. Except 2D, 3D graphics are
good tools for reporting more complex data.
Computer Art Painting packages are available. With cordless, pressure-sensitive stylus, artists
can produce electronic paintings which replicate different brush strokes, brush widths, and
colors. Photorealistic techniques, morphing and animations are very useful in commercial art. For
films, 24 frames per second are required. For video monitor, 30 frames per second are required.
Entertainment Motion pictures, Music videos, and TV shows, Computer games Education and
Training with computer-generated models of specialized systems such as the training of ship
captains and aircraft pilots.

Visualization for analyzing scientific, engineering, medical and business data or behaviour.
Converting data to visual form can help to understand mass volume of data very efficiently.
Image Processing Image processing is to apply techniques to modify or interpret existing
pictures. It is widely used in medical applications. Graphical User Interface multiple window,
icons, menus allow a computer setup to be utilized more efficiently.
The use of Real Time graphic applications as educational tools specifically oriented to working
with people who have certain learning difficulties. We first focus on identifying the most
related traits (from a psychological point of view) of those disorders, then we continue by
analyzing the advantages of graphics in Real Time in this context, and how they can be used to
complement the conventional teaching methods. Finally, we review the main characteristics of
two applications belonging to this category, which serve as a practical example of this encounter
between education and technology.
1.2.1 Overview of Graphics Systems

In this context we argue the graphics systems of raster-scan devices. A graphics processor
accepts graphics commands from the CPU and performs the graphics commands which may
involve drawing into the frame buffer. The frame buffer acts as a temporary store of the image
and also as a de coupler to let the graphics processor and the display controller to operate at
different speeds. The display controller reads the frame buffer line by line and generates the
control signals for the screen. Figure 1.4 shows the block diagram of a CRT graphics system.

Figure 1.4: Block Diagram of a CRT Graphics System

Graphics Graphics Frame Display CRT Monitor
Commands Processor Buffer Controller

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