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Unit 14: Quality of Work Life

Section 11 to 20 of the Factories Act provides detailed instructions. These are: Notes

Section 11: Cleanliness: Every factory shall be kept clean and free from effluvia and dirt.
Accumulation of dirt shall be removed daily by some effective method.
Section 12: Disposal of Wastes: Effective arrangements shall be made in every factory for
the treatment of wastes due to the manufacturing process carried on therein, so as to make
them harmless for their disposal.
Section 13: Ventilation and Temperature: Effective and suitable provision shall be made in
every factory for securing and maintaining in every workroom, adequate ventilation by the
circulation of fresh air and such a temperature will secure to workers therein reasonable
conditions of comfort and prevent injury to health.
Section 14: Dust and Fume: Where dust or fume or impurity of such a nature as is likely
to be injurious or offensive to the workers is given off as a result of the manufacturing
process being carried on in a factory, effective measures shall be taken in the factory for
prevention of inhalation or accumulation of dust and fumes in workrooms.
Section 15: Artificial Humidification: In respect of all factories in which the humidity of the
air is artificially increased, the State Government may make rules prescribing the standards
of humidification.
Section 16: Overcrowding: There shall not be overcrowding in any room of the factory so
as to be injurious to the health of the workers employed therein. There shall be at least 14.2
cubic metres of space for every worker.
Section 17: Lighting: In every part of a factory where workers are working, there shall be
provided and maintained sufficient and suitable lighting, natural or artificial or both.
Section 18: Drinking Water: In every factory, effective arrangements shall be made to
provide and maintain at suitable points, conveniently situated for all workers employed
therein, a sufficient supply of drinking water.
Section 19: Latrines and Urinals: In every factory, separate enclosed accommodation of
latrine and urinals of prescribed types for male and female workers shall be provided for.
Such accommodation shall be conveniently situated and accessible for workers at all times.
Section 20: Spittoons: In every factory, there shall be provided a sufficient number of
spittoons in convenient places and they shall be maintained in a clean and hygienic condition.
(b) Safety

Prevention of accidents is an objective which requires no expansion. This is one area in which
there is complete identity of employer-employee interests. The employee does not want to
be injured and the employer does not want to incur the cost of injuring him. The Act
provides 20 different sections on obligatory safety measures.

Sections 21 to 41 of the Factories Act provide detailed instructions. They are discussed below.
Section 21: Fencing of Machinery: Every dangerous part of every machinery shall be securely
fenced by safeguards of substantial construction which shall be constantly maintained and
kept in position while the parts of machinery are in motion or in use.
Section 22: Work on Near Machinery in Motion: Where in any factory it becomes necessary
to examine any part of machinery while the machinery is in motion, such examination shall
be made only by a specially trained adult male worker wearing tight fitting clothing. The
clothing shall be supplied by the occupier.
Section 23: Employment of Young Persons on Dangerous Machines: No young person shall
be required or allowed to work on any machine unless -

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