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Unit 4: Training and Development

Self-development/Self-assessment: Self development means a personal desire to improve Notes
through an individual’s attempt to embark on study and practical explosive that are
independent of an organization’s role and contribution. Self-assessment personal identification
of strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and challenges and an attempt to improve and build
on current efforts for a more fulfilling corporate movement.

4.2.2 Approaches to Training
The considerations for training vary in organizations. Some of these considerations are not
necessarily based on need. The various influences of training are summed up as follows:
Administrative Approach: This is based on establishment of Budget and policies. Officers are
therefore sent for training based on the availability of funds.

Welfare Approach: This is based on extraneous considerations. Some organizations send staff
on training abroad with a view to improving their financial well being or their skills to
enable them secure employment elsewhere.

Political Approach: Within the ranks of organization are pressure groups, loyalist and
favourites of managers, who use their privileged positions to secure training opportunities
over and above their colleagues who in most cases merit the training programmes available.
Organizational Development Approach: This approach uses departmental training needs as
consideration for selection.
Systematic or Need-based Training: This selection process here is based on identification of
training needs. It is used by organizations for growth and development.

Self Assessment
Multiple choice questions:
1. Training needs should be identified by ........................

(a) participants (b) managers
(c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these

2. The learner’s skills and knowledge are ............. before the training program.
(a) assessed (b) decreased
(c) average (d) null

3. The process of examining a training program is called ...............
(a) training experties (b) training method

(c) training evaluation (d) training timing
4. One of the simplest and most common approaches to training evaluation ………..
(a) reactions (b) timing

(c) actions (d) none of these

4.3 Training Evaluation

The process of examining a training program is called training evaluation. Training evaluation
checks whether training has had the desired effect. Training evaluation ensures that whether
candidates are able to implement their learning in their respective workplaces, or to the
regular work routines.

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