Page 9 - DCAP202_Fundamentals of Web Programming

Fundamentals of Web Programming
Notes
2 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
Objectives
After studying this unit, you will be able to:
 Discuss the basic concept of Internet
 Explain the communication on the Internet
 Discuss Internet Domain
 Describe establishing connectivity to the Internet
Introduction
The Internet carries a vast array of information resources and services, most notably the
inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to
support electronic mail, in addition to popular services such as online chat, file transfer and file
sharing, online gaming, and Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) person-to-person
communication via voice and video.
1.1 Basic Concept
It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private and public, academic, business,
and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by copper wires, fiber-optic
cables, wireless connections, and other technologies.
1.1.1 Browsers
A browser is a software application which enables a user to display and interact with text,
images, videos, music, and other information that could be on a website. Text and images on a
web page can contain hyperlinks to other web pages at the same or different website.
Browsers allow a user to quickly and easily access information provided on many web pages at
many websites by traversing these links.
1.1.2 Websites
A website is a collection of web pages (documents that are accessed through the Internet).
A web page is what you see on the screen when you type in a web address, click on a link, or put
a query in a search engine. A web page can contain any type of information, and can include text,
color, graphics, animation and sound.
When someone gives you their web address, it generally takes you to their website’s home
page, which should introduce you to what that site offers in terms of information or other
services. From the home page, you can click on links to reach other sections of the site.
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Caution A website can consist of one page, or of tens of thousands of pages, depending on
what the site owner is trying to accomplish.
1.1.3 Web Addresses
A Web address, or domain name, is an address where you can be found online. It’s how you’ll
express yourself through email or your website and it’s what customers think of when trying to
find you.