Page 28 - DCAP205_DCAP409_ANALYSIS_AND_DESIGN_OF_INFORMATION_SYSTEMS

Analysis & Design of Information Systems

Notes B. Pilot: In this the new system is introduced at one location or site only for trial. If its
performance is according to the need, it is introduced in whole of the company or organization.
C. Phasing: Introduce the system in phases i.e. the new system is introduce at one site at a
time. This method is useful when upgrading of old system is done.
D. Plunge: It is also known as an immediate cut over or change-over. Introduce the new
system as and when it is ready to work and remove the old one directly.
Except for the timing and for obvious variations, the implementation steps for all four methods
may be covered together.

Notes It should be pointed out that occasionally design and implementation are carried
on simultaneously. Such a process provides operational testing of the design on a
continuous basis, but it limits consideration of major design alternatives. It is a trial-and-
error process. Completion of conceptual and analytical design in advance of equipment
installation offers many advantages besides cost.

So these are the four basic methods of implementing Information System in an organization,
after the completion of the design stage.

Self Assessment

Fill in the blanks:
15. ................................. means to introduce the designed system into practice or in use.
16. ................................. is also known as an immediate cut over or change-over.

1.7 Evaluation and Maintenance

After introducing the system for some time usually after a month, the system developer takes
feed back from the manager, sales person, operators and users of the system that whether the
system is achieving its objective or not. This process is known as evaluation.
System maintenance is the last or concluding stage of Information System development process.
But it’s importance is not less being the last stage because an effective systems can fail if they are
not maintained properly.
Maintenance involves control, evaluation and modification to make a better system. Maintenance
is required, because sometimes operators develop their own private procedure, or make some
short cuts, or some unauthorized person introduces some changes in the present system without
taking permission. Maintenance activity is initiated by error reports, a user change request, a
member of maintenance team, or by the management.
Proper planning is done for maintenance. It involves:
a. Collect all requests for change.
b. Give priority to each request after analysing their long run benefit and cost effects.
c. Prepare short plans.

d. Document the maintenance as it occurs.
Again review the Information System design manual.
But sometimes there are certain problems or barriers in performing maintenance. They are
related to, when there is no proper plan for maintenance; resources are not allocated for this

22 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY