Page 78 - DCAP302_ENTERPRISE_RESOURCE_PLANNING

Enterprise Resource Planning

notes 3. Reduced investments in production inventories and facilities:
(a) Work simplification

(b) Just-in-time inventory policies
(c) Better planning and control of production
(d) Better planning and control of finished goods requirements
4. Improved customer service:
(a) Reducing out-of-stock situations

(b) Producing high-quality products that better meet customer requirements

4.2 computer-aided Design (caD)

Computer-aided design (CAD), also known as computer-aided design and drafting (CADD),
is the use of computer technology for the process of design and design-documentation.
Computer Aided Drafting describes the process of drafting with a computer. CADD software,
or environments, provides the user with input-tools for the purpose of streamlining design
processes; drafting, documentation, and manufacturing processes. CADD output is often in
the form of electronic files for print or machining operations. The development of CADD-based
software is in direct correlation with the processes it seeks to economize; industry-based software
(construction, manufacturing, etc.) typically uses vector-based (linear) environments whereas
graphic-based software utilizes raster-based environments.
CAD is an important industrial art extensively used in many applications, including automotive,
shipbuilding, and aerospace industries, industrial and architectural design, prosthetics, and many
more. CAD is also widely used to produce computer animation for special effects in movies,
advertising and technical manuals. The modern ubiquity and power of computers means that
even perfume bottles and shampoo dispensers are designed using techniques unheard of by
engineers of the 1960s. Because of its enormous economic importance, CAD has been a major
driving force for research in computational geometry, computer graphics (both hardware and
software), and discrete differential geometry.

uses of caD

Computer-aided design is one of the many tools used by engineers and designers and is used in
many ways depending on the profession of the user and the type of software in question.

CAD is one part of the whole Digital Product Development (DPD) activity within the Product
Lifecycle Management (PLM) process, and as such is used together with other tools, which are
either integrated modules or stand-alone products, such as:
1. Computer-aided engineering (CAE) and Finite element analysis (FEA)
2. Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) including instructions to Computer Numerical
Control (CNC) machines
3. Photo realistic rendering
4. Document management and revision control using Product Data Management (PDM).

4.3 computer-aided manufacturing (cam)

Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) is the use of computer software and hardware in the
translation of computer-aided design models into manufacturing instructions for numerical
controlled machine tools.

72 LoveLy professionaL university