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Graphic Tools

Notes 1.1 The Growing Importance of Computer-based ID Tools

The term “new learning” refers to an extensive collection of instructional approaches that are all
characterized by their rivet on rich, multidisciplinary and cooperative learning tasks (called
projects, problems, etc.) that are, in one way or another, account for authentic, real-life tasks. All
the tasks must make sure that integrate multiple learning objectives and active learning happen
in a significant way. Collaborative learning tasks take advantage of the fact that multiple
perspectives on reality exist which enriches the learning experience and also provides the prospect
for negotiation between students. From a task-analytical perspective, new learning asks for
more potent techniques that can deal with authentic-life tasks and, especially, intricate sets of
integrated learning objectives.
The design of practice is given precedence over the traditional design of to be presented
information especially from a design perspective. The changes contribute to an incremented
intricacy of the design process and the instructional systems. All the other changes, though may
be of less consequence but are still very importance to the design process.
The context is elucidated by a comprehensive contextual analysis and all stakeholders are
identified. To cope with personalized and individualized forms of injunctive authorization,
(which are needed to develop authentically learner-centred instructional systems), traditional
target group analysis are developed.

The increased use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in instructional systems
has its own design challenges and problems. A balanced approach is required to find a best
possible medium mix, rather than selecting just one primary medium.

1.2 Types of Graphic Applications

Now you will learn about different types of Graphic applications.

1.2.1 Understanding Graphic Types

The different graphic types are as follows:

Bitmap

In computer graphics, a bitmap or pixmap is a type of memory organization or image file
format used to store digital images. The term bitmap comes from the computer programming
terminology, meaning just a map of bits, a spatially mapped array of bits. Now, along with
pixmap, it commonly refers to the similar concept of a spatially mapped array of pixels. Raster
images in general may be referred to as bitmaps or pixmaps, whether synthetic or photographic,
in files or in memory.

!
Caution In some contexts, the term bitmap implies one bit per pixel, while pixmap is used
for images with multiple bits per pixel.
Many graphical user interfaces use bitmaps in their built-in graphics subsystems; for example,
the Microsoft Windows and OS/2 platforms’ GDI subsystem, where the specific format used is
the Windows and OS/2 bitmap file format, usually named with the file extension of .BMP (or
.DIB for device-independent bitmap). Besides BMP, other file formats that store literal bitmaps
include InterLeaved Bitmap (ILBM), Portable Bitmap (PBM), X Bitmap (XBM), and Wireless
Application Protocol Bitmap (WBMP). Similarly, most other image file formats, such as JPEG,

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