Page 109 - DCAP408_WEB_PROGRAMMING

Unit 7: Character Sets, Fonts and the Keyboard

 Discuss System key messages and Dead Characters Notes
 Understand implementing a simple keyboard interface
 Discuss stock font, logical fonts, text metric, and putting fonts to work
 Understand keyboard accelerators

Introduction

A character set is a conventionalized relationship among letters and character positions. Most
fonts utilize one of numerous standard character sets, but there are also fonts (generally symbol
fonts) with random mappings. A font is a set of graphic elements known as glyphs (letters or
symbols) mapped onto a set of character positions (numbers). Keyboard layout is a
conventionalized relationship among keyboard keys and character positions. In this unit, we
will discuss various concepts related to Character Sets, Fonts, and the Keyboard.

7.1 The ANSI Character Set

ANSI symbolizes American National Standards Institute. The ANSI character set involves the
standard ASCII character set (values 0 to 127), in addition to extended character set (values 128 to
255).
ANSI character set is defined list of characters identified by the computer hardware and software.
Every character is represented by a number.

Example: The ASCII character set utilizes the numbers 0 through 127 to symbolize all
English characters in addition to special control characters.
European ISO character sets are alike to ASCII, but they enclose supplementary characters for
European languages.
The ANSI character set defines 224 characters (32 to 255 Decimal, 20 to FF Hexadecimal). Characters
32 to 127 are shared with the ASCII Character Set and characters 128 to 255 are shared with the
ISO Latin-1 character set utilized by Web browsers.
ANSI Character Set

HEX 00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 A0 B0 C0 D0 E0 F0
HEX DEC 0 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 160 176 192 208 224 240
0 0 space 0 @ P ` p €  nbsp ° À Ð à ð
1 1 ! 1 A Q a q  ‘ ¡ ± Á Ñ á ñ
2 2 " 2 B R b r ‚ ’ ¢ ² Â Ò â ò
3 3 # 3 C S c s ƒ “ £ ³ Ã Ó ã ó
4 4 $ 4 D T d t „ ” ¤ ´ Ä Ô ä ô
5 5 % 5 E U e u … • ¥ µ Å Õ å õ
6 6 & 6 F V f v † – ¦ ¶ Æ Ö æ ö
7 7 ' 7 G W g w ‡ — § · Ç × ç ÷
8 8 ( 8 H X h x ˆ ˜ ¨ ¸ È Ø è ø
9 9 TAB ) 9 I Y i y ‰ ™ © ¹ É Ù é ù
A 10 LF * : J Z j z Š š ª º Ê Ú ê ú
B 11 + ; K [ k { ‹ › « » Ë Û ë û
C 12 , < L \ l | Œ œ ¬ ¼ Ì Ü ì ü
D 13 CR - = M ] m }   ½ Í Ý í ý
E 14 . > N ^ n ~ Ž ž ® ¾ Î Þ î þ
F 15 / ? O _ o   Ÿ ¯ ¿ Ï ß ï ÿ

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