Page 110 - DCAP408_WEB_PROGRAMMING

Windows Programming

Notes

Notes On many systems the characters 127 to 160 are regarded as control characters and
that these do not map straightforwardly to a UNICODE (UTF-8) character as does the
remaining characters.

Self Assessment

Fill in the blank:
1. ......................... is defined list of characters identified by the computer hardware and software.

7.2 Trying the Character Functions

Character functions function on values of character class datatype such as Char, Varchar2, Varchar,
etc. These functions can return either character class datatype or number class datatype depending
on the operation accomplished on the input data. Length of a value returned by these functions
is restricted up to 4000 bytes for varchar2 datatype and 2000 bytes for char datatype. If a function
returns value that surpasses the length limit, Oracle routinely trim the value before returning
the consequence. Some of the SQL incorporated character functions are specified in the following
table.

Figure 7.1: Single-row Character Functions

CHR CONCAT INITCAP SUBSTR
RTRIM LTRIM TRIM REPLACE
LPAD RPAD UPPER LOWER

TRANSLATE ASCII INSTR LENGTH

7.2.1 Case Conversion Functions

The three case conversion functions are LOWER, UPPER, and INITCAP.
 Lower: It converts mixed case or uppercase character string lo lowercase
 Upper: It converts mixed case or lowercase character string to uppercase

 Initcap: It converts first letter of each word to uppercase and other letters to lowercase.

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