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Modern Web Programming Tools and Techniques – I
Notes hyperlinks, italic and bold formatting, horizontal lines, and so on. For example, <h1>Some
Text</h1> uses the <h1> element. This element tells the browser to display Some Text in the
Heading 1 style, which uses a large, bold font. Similarly, <p>This is a sample web page.</p>
creates a paragraph with one line of text. The <head> element groups the header information
together, including the title that appears in the browser window, while the <body> element
groups together the actual document content that’s displayed in the browser window.
Figure 1.1 shows this simple HTML page in a browser. Right now, this is just a fixed file (named
sample_web_page_heading.htm) that contains HTML content. It has no interactivity, doesn’t
require a web server, and certainly can’t be considered a web application.
Figure 1.1: Ordinary HTML: the “brochure” Site
HTML 2.0 introduced the first seed of web programming with a technology called HTML forms.
HTML forms expand HTML so that it includes not only formatting tags but also tags for graphical
widgets, or controls. These controls include common ingredients such as drop-down lists, text
boxes, and buttons. Here’s a sample web page created with HTML form controls:
<html>
<head>
<title>Sample Web Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<input type=”checkbox” />
This is choice #1<br />
<input type=”checkbox” />
This is choice #2<br /><br />
<input type=”submit” value=”Submit” />
</form>
</body>
</html>
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