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Anuj Sharma, Lovely Professional University Unit 7: 2-D Viewing

Unit 7: 2-D Viewing

CONTENTS
Objectives
Introduction

7.1 Concept of Window and Viewport
7.2 Window-to-Viewport Mapping
7.3 Graphic Pipeline
7.4 Panning and Zooming
7.5 Summary
7.6 Keywords

7.7 Self Assessment
7.8 Review Questions
7.9 Further Readings

Objectives

After studying this unit, you will be able to:
• Comprehend concept of window and viewport
• Describe window to viewport mapping
• Explain graphic pipeline
• Define panning and zooming
Introduction

2-D viewing, otherwise known as two-dimensional viewing, is a process used to view an image from a
specific perspective. In this era, a computer can perform all graphic works. With the coming of
computer graphics, it is easier to read, understand, and depict any type of image. In few years, we may
also come up with software or application that can help us control the computers through icons and
pictures rather than just by typing. Graphics images can be depicted either in a two-dimensional or
three-dimensional plane.
With the improvement in technology, two-dimensional and other graphic types have become common.
However 2-D is still the widely used graphic type. Two-dimensional computer graphics are graphical
images produced with the help of digital computers, in which two-dimensional visual techniques are
used. 2-D graphics consist of 2-D geometric models, like image compositions, pixel art, digital art,
photographs, and text. Traditional painting and drawing use 2-D graphics. 2-D computer graphics
basically comprise two types; namely:
1. Raster Graphics: Raster graphics comprise arrays of pixels. Pixels can be of different color or
shade. The editing of these graphics is done at the pixel level. Raster images are mostly used on
old computer and video games, graphics related calculator games, and many mobile phone
games.

2. Vector Graphics: Vector graphics comprises paths. Paths are used to illustrate the images by
setting a mathematical relationship between points within an image. Vector graphics are used on
photographic images.

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