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Unit 1: The Factories Act, 1948

Self Assessment Notes

Fill in the blanks:
7. The responsibility for getting the premises approved, when the factory is to be established,
lies on the ...........................
8. ........................... empowers the State Government to declare different departments’ or
branches of a factory as separate factories, in case a request is made in writing in this
regard by the occupier.

9. No license or renewal of license shall be granted unless the occupier gives at least
........................... days’ notice in writing to the Chief Inspector of factories before he proposes
to occupy or use any premises as factory.

1.4 Health, Safety and Welfare Measures of Employees

The Factories Act, 1948 provides the following provisions for maintaining health, security and
safety of employees:

1.4.1 For Health

Following are the factors that should be taken into consideration for maintaining health measures
of employees:

(i) Cleanliness

Section 11 of the Factories Act, 1948 provides for general cleanliness of the factory. It lays down
that dust, fumes and refuse should be removed daily; floors, staircases and passages should be
cleaned regularly by sweeping and other effective means while washing of interior walls and
roofs should take place at least once in 14 months and where these are painted with washable
water paint, be repainted after every three years and where oil paint is used at least once in five
years. Further, all doors and window frames and other wooden or metallic framework and
shutters should be kept painted or varnished and the painting or varnishing shall be carried out
at least once in five years.

(ii) Disposal of Wastes and Effluents

Section 12 of the Factories Act makes it obligatory on the owner of every factory to make
effective arrangements for the treatment of wastes and effluents due to the manufacturing
process carried on therein, so as to render them innocuous and for their disposal.
(iii) Ventilation and Temperature

The occupier is required to make effective and suitable provisions for securing and maintaining
in every workroom adequate ventilation for the circulation of fresh air and to maintain such
temperature as will secure to workers reasonable conditions of comfort and prevent injury to
health.

(iv) Dust and Fume

Section 14 (1) deals with the measures, which should be adopted to keep the workrooms free
from dust and fume. Every factory in which by reason of the manufacturing process carried on,
there is given off any dust or fume or other impurity of such a nature and to such an extent as is

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