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Unit 10: Industrial Disputes Act, 1947

 Where any industrial dispute exists or is apprehended, the conciliation officer may, or Notes
where the dispute relates to a public utility service and a notice has been received, shall
hold conciliation proceedings in the prescribed manner.

10.7 Keywords

Adjudication: Adjudication is a procedure for resolving disputes without resorting to lengthy
and expensive court procedure.

Arbitration: Arbitration is a procedure in which a dispute is submitted, by agreement of the
parties, to one or more arbitrators who make a binding decision on the dispute.
Arbitrator: An independent person or body officially appointed to settle a dispute.

Conciliation: Conciliation in industrial disputes is a process by which representatives of
management and employees and their unions are brought together before a third person or a
body of persons with a view to induce or persuade them to arrive at some agreement to their
satisfaction and in the larger interest of industry and community as a whole.

Conflict: Conflict may be defined as a struggle or contest between people with opposing needs,
ideas, beliefs, values, or goals.
Government: A group of people that governs a community or unit. It sets and administers public
policy and exercises executive, political and sovereign power through customs, institutions, and
laws within a state.
Industrial Disputes: Industrial disputes are conflicts, disorder or unrest arising between workers
and employers on any ground.
Industry: Economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of
goods in factories.
Labour Courts: It consists of one person only, who is also called the Presiding Officer, and who
is or has been a judge of a High Court, or he has been a district judge or an additional district
judge for a period not less than three years, or has held any judicial office in India for not less
than seven years.

Tribunals: A tribunal is a committee or court which is convened to address a special issue.
Workman: A person with specified skill in a job or craft.

10.8 Review Questions

1. What is the object and scope of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?

2. Write short notes on: (a) Industrial Dispute; (b) Workman; (c) Lay off; (d) Retrenchment;
(e) Strike; (f) Lock-out;
3. Describe the various steps in settlement of an industrial dispute. Is it incumbent on the
appropriate Government to refer every industrial dispute to adjudication?
4. Describe briefly the authorities provided in the Act for adjudication of industrial disputes.
5. Mention a few unfair labour practices on the part of employers and on the part of workmen.

6. Briefly discuss the provisions relating to illegal strikes and lock-outs.
7. Write short notes on:
(a) Workman.

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