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Unit 2: ILO and its Contribution in Labour Welfare and Social Security

technical assistance, and studies, reports and publications of the organisation have also been Notes
influencing factors. Of the Conventions not ratified by India, some have been denounced, some
do not concern India and some relate to seamen whose ratification depends on the arrangements
established in other countries.

2.6 Contribution of ILO towards Labour Welfare and
Social Security in India

As on March 31, 2002, ILO had adopted 185 Conventions and 193 Recommendations. The details
of the Conventions and Recommendations have been discussed below under suitable heads.
1. Conditions of work, including hours of work, weekly rest, holidays with pay and wages;
2. Employment of children and young persons;
3. Employment of women;

4. Industrial health, safety and welfare;
5. Social security;
6. Industrial relations;

7. Employment and unemployment; and
8. Other special categories.

2.6.1 Conditions of Work

The International Labour Organisation has devoted continued attention to the working conditions
of the labour at work places including hours of work, weekly rest, and holidays with pay,
principles and methods of wage regulation, and labour administration and inspection. A large
number of Conventions and Recommendations covering these work conditions have been
adopted by the International Labour Conference.

Hours of Work

The Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919 adopted in the first session of the International
Labour Conference limits the hours of work in industrial undertakings to 8 in the day and 48 in
the week. It provides certain exceptions in respect of persons holding supervisory or managerial
positions and those employed in confidential capacity. The limits of hours of work may be
exceeded in certain cases, for instance, in the events of accident, urgent work, in continuous
processes, and so on. It contains special provisions for countries where the 48-hours work might
be inapplicable.
The time spent in the mine by the workers employed in underground and hard coal mines is not
to exceed 7 and 3/4 hours in a day. However, in case of underground lignite mines the time
spent in the mine may be prolonged under certain conditions by a collective break of not more
than 30 minutes. Hours of work in open hard or lignite mines are not to exceed 8 in the day or
48 in the week.
The hours of work of professional drivers of road transport vehicles to 8 in a day and 48 in a
week. Time spent in work done during running time of the vehicle, time spent in subsidiary
work, periods of mere attendance and breaks of rest and interruptions of work are to be included
in calculating hours of work.

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