Page 199 - DCAP309_INFORMATION_SECURITY_AND_PRIVACY

Unit 13: Privacy Technological Impacts

Self Assessment Notes
Fill in the blanks:
11. A ....................... a device typically the size and shape of a credit card and contains one or
more integrated chips that perform the functions of a computer with a microprocessor,
memory, and input/output.
12. Smart Cards are ....................... cards that have integrated circuits or storage receptacles
embedded in them.
13. Cards with memory receptacles that simply store information (such as your bank ATM
card) are referred to as “.......................”
14. Use of smart devices means the added expense of the card itself, as well as the .......................
reader devices.
15. The ....................... of smart card manufacturing makes forgery of the card’s contents virtually
impossible.



Caselet Concern Over ICAO Move for ‘Biometric’ Passports

he International Civil Aviation Organisation’s (ICAO) biometrics-approach to
securing travel documents has invited the wrath of civil liberties and human rights
Tactivists around the world who fear this would lead to the creation of a global
surveillance infrastructure.
An open letter to the ICAO signed by leading activist organisations led by Privacy
International and the American Civil Liberties Union expressed concern about ICAO
plans requiring passports and other travel documents to contain biometrics and remotely
readable “contact-less integrated circuits.”
Respecting the privacy of individuals was essential to an open society, including travel
privacy. Border and aviation security necessarily involved scrutinising travellers and the
use of personal information, but in light of the fundamental human rights involved, must
be approached with the utmost thought and care. But the biometrics-based approach to
securing travel documents unfortunately did not reflect such care.
The letter goes on to add: “We are increasingly concerned that the biometric travel document
initiative is part and parcel of a larger surveillance infrastructure monitoring the movement
of individuals globally that includes Passenger-Name Record transfers, Advance Passenger
Information (API) systems, and the creation of an intergovernmental network of
interoperable electronic data systems to facilitate access to each country’s law enforcement
and intelligence information.
“We are concerned that the ICAO is setting a surveillance standard for the rest of the world
to follow. In this sense, the ICAO is setting domestic policy, implementing profiling and
ID cards where previously none may have existed, or enhancing ID documentation through
the use of biometrics, and increasing the data pouring into national databases, or creating
them when none previously existed.
“While we understand the desire of the ICAO to increase confidence in travel documents,
reduce fraud, combat terrorism, and protect aviation security, the implementation of
biometrics will have disproportionate effects on privacy and civil liberties.”
Contd...

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