Page 19 - DLIS003_LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT

Library Administration and Management

Notes management, create harmonious relationship and a pleasing atmosphere of work. Further Fayol
recommends that residential facilities be provided including arrangement of electricity, water
and facilities.

Centralization and Decentralization

There should be one central point in the organization which exercises overall direction and
control of all the parts. But the degree of centralization of authority should vary according to the
needs of situation. According to Fayol, there should be centralization in small units and proper
decentralization in big organization. Further, Fayol does not favour centralization or
decentralization of authorities but suggests that these should be proper and effective adjustment
between centralization and decentralization in order to achieve maximum objectives of the
business. The choice between centralization and decentralization is made after taking into
consideration the nature of work and the efficiency, experience and decision-making capacity of
the executives.

Scalar Chain

The scalar chain is a chain of supervisors from the highest to the lowest rank. It should be
short-circuited. An employee should feel the necessity to contact his superior through the scalar
chain. The authority and responsibility is communicated through this scalar chain. The flow of
information between management and workers is a must. Business opportunities must be
immediately avoided of. So we must make direct contact with the concerned employee. Business
problems need immediate solution, so we cannot always depend on the established scalar chain.
It requires that direct contact should be established.

Order

According to Fayol there should be proper, systematic and orderly arrangement of physical and
social factors, such as land, raw materials, tools and equipment and employees respectively. As
per view, there should be safe, appropriate and specific place for every article and every place to
be used effectively for a particular activity and commodity. In other words, there are principles
that every piece of land and every article should be used properly, economically and in the best
possible way. There should be selection and appointment of the most suitable person to every
job. There should be specific place for every one and every one should have specific place. This
principle also stresses scientific selection and appointment of employees on every job.

Equity

The principle of equality should be followed and applicable at every level of management.
There should not be any discrimination as regards caste, sex and religion. An effective
management always accords sympathetic and human treatment. The management should be
kind, honest and impartial with the employees. In other words, kindness and justice should be
exercised by management in dealing with their subordinates. This will create loyalty and
devotion among the employees. Thus, workers should be treated at par at every level.

Stability of Use of Personnel

Principle of stability is linked with long tenure of personnel in the organisation. This means
production being a team work, an efficient management always builds a team of good workers.
If the members of the team go on changing; the entire process of production will be disturbed.

14 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY