Page 29 - DLIS401_METHODOLOGY_OF_RESEARCH_AND_STATISTICAL_TECHNIQUES

Methodology of Research and Statistical Techniques

Notes There are various history guidelines commonly used by historians in their work, under the
headings of external criticism, internal criticism, and synthesis.
This includes higher criticism and textual criticism. Though items may vary depending on the
subject matter and researcher, the following concepts are usually part of most formal historical
research:

• Identification of origin date
• Evidence of localization
• Recognition of authorship

• Analysis of data
• Identification of integrity
• Attribution of credibility

1.9 Summary

• Research includes any gathering of data, information and facts for the advancement of
knowledge.
• Research must be organized and undergo planning, including performing literature reviews
of past research and evaluating what questions need to be answered.
• Basic research (also called fundamental or pure research) has as its primary objective the
advancement of knowledge and the theoretical understanding of the relations among
variables.
• The ultimate aims of research are to generate measurable and testable data, gradually
adding to the accumulation of human knowledge. Ancient philosophers believed that all
answers could be achieved through deduction and reasoning, rather than measurement.
• A research problem is the situation that causes the researcher to feel apprehensive,
confused and ill at ease. It is the demarcation of a problem area within a certain context
involving the WHO or WHAT, the WHERE, the WHEN and the WHY of the problem
situation.

1.10 Keywords

Main Problem : Aim of the research project should be clearly stated.
Subproblems : Means to reach the set goal in a manageable way contribute to solving
the problem.

1.11 Review Questions

1. What are the fundamental aims of research? Discuss.
2. Discuss the essential steps of the method of research.

3. How is hypothesis formulated?
4. How is research problems identified?
5. How is research problems formulated?

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