Page 112 - DCOM102_DMGT101_PRINCIPLES_AND_PRACTICES_OF_MANAGEMENT

Principles and Practices of Management

Notes Gradually, the images of both psychological and physical concepts fuse. This happens usually
during late childhood; the feelings and attitudes accompanying the self-images will be also
fused. Physical changes also develop in later childhood and early adulthood, physical self-
concept remains fairly stable.

Did u know? At puberty, the individual attention is focused on his rapidly changing
appearances. The person approaching old age likewise changes his physical self-concept.
The psychological self-concept includes the person’s attitudes towards his abilities and
disabilities, his special attitudes, his roles in life, his responsibilities and his hopes and
aspirations. This self-concept develops later than the physical self-concept.

Social Self-concept

Early social self-concept or mirror images develop in the home, because the child’s relationship
with the mother is the first significant relationship in life. Later, the young child develops social
relationship with other family members; their treatment towards him contributes to his
developing self-concept.
Basic Self-concept

To develop a basic self-concept that is free from the influence of mirror images, the person must
do three things:
1. He must become psychologically independent.

2. He must make use of his abilities to think and make decisions for himself.
3. He must have broad social contacts with all kinds of people so that he can see himself as an
individual distant from the group with which he has been closely identified.

Ideal Self-concept

It begins around the age of 3 years and reaches its peak between 4 and 5 years. The more
dissatisfied a person is with himself and the more unsatisfactory the mirror images he has
developed in his relationship with others, the stronger his motivation to develop ideal self-
concepts.

Task Observe the behaviour of people of different age groups in your locality
and try to analyse how they manage themselves.

6.9 Summary

MBO aims to increase organisational performance by aligning goals and subordinate
objectives throughout the organisation. It managers focus on the result, not the activity.
Management by Exception’s objective is to facilitate management’s focus on really
important tactical and strategic tasks.
American management style can be described as individualistic in approach, Japanese
management emphasises the need for information flow from the bottom of the company
to the top and Indian management system is based on hierarchy.

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