Page 247 - DCOM102_DMGT101_PRINCIPLES_AND_PRACTICES_OF_MANAGEMENT

Unit 13: Motivation and Leadership

He always tries to develop social understanding with other people. The human skill Notes
involves the following:
(a) Empathy: A leader should be able to look at things as objectively as possible. He
should respect the rights, beliefs and sentiments of others.
(b) Objectivity: A good leader is fair and objective in dealing with subordinates. He must
be free from bias and prejudice while becoming emotionally involved with his
followers.
(c) Communication Skills: A leader should have the ability to persuade, to inform,
stimulate, direct and convince his subordinates.
(d) Teaching Skill: A leader should have the ability to demonstrate how to accomplish a
particular task.

(e) Social Skill: A leader should understand his followers. He should be helpful,
sympathetic and friendly.
2. Conceptual Skill: In the words of Chester Barnard, "the essential aspect of the executive
process is the sensing of the organisation as a whole and the total situation relevant to it".
Conceptual Skill includes:

(a) An understanding of the organisational behaviour,
(b) Understanding the competitors of the firm, and
(c) Knowing the financial status of the firm.
A leader should have the ability to look at the enterprise as a whole, to recognize that the
various functions of an organisation depend upon one another and are inter-related, that
changes in one affect all others. The leader should have the skill to run the firm in such a
way that overall performance of the firm in the long run will be sound.
3. Technical Skill: A leader should have a thorough knowledge of, and competence in, the
principles, procedures and operations of a job. Technical skill involves specialized
knowledge, analytical skill and a facility in the use of the tools and techniques of a specific
discipline. Technical competence is an essential quality of leadership.
4. Personal Skill: The most important task of the leader is to get the best from others. This is
possible only if he possesses certain qualities. These personal skills include:

(a) Intelligence: Intellectual capacity is an essential quality of leadership. Leaders
generally have somewhat higher level of intelligence than the average of their
followers.
(b) Emotional Maturity: A leader should act with self-confidence, avoid anger, take
decisions on a rational basis and think clearly and maturely. A leader should also
have high frustration tolerance. According to Koontz and O'Donnell, "Leaders cannot
afford to become panicky, unsure of themselves in the face of conflicting forces,
doubtful of their principles when challenged, or amenable to influence".
(c) Personal Motivation: This involves the creation of enthusiasm within the leader himself
to get a job done. It is only through enthusiasm that one can achieve what one wants.
Leaders have relatively intense achievement type motivational drive. He should
work hard more for the satisfaction of inner drives than for extrinsic material rewards.
(d) Integrity: In the words of F.W. Taylor, "integrity is the straightforward honesty of
purpose which makes a man truthful, not only to others but to himself; which makes
a man high-minded, and gives him high aspirations and high ideals".

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