Page 48 - DHIN103_ELECTIVE_HINDI_II

bdkbZ 3 % fo'ks"k.k dh ifjHkk"kk ,oa Hksn

3-1 fo'ks"k.k osQ Hksn uksV

xq.k] la[;k vkSj ifjek.k osQ vkèkkj ij fo'ks"k.k osQ Hksnksa dk oxhZdj.k bl izdkj gSμ
fo'ks"k.k osQ Hksn
↓
↓ ↓ ↓

lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k la[;kokpd fo'ks"k.k
↓ ↓
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
ekSfyd lkoZukfed ;kSfxd lkoZukfed fuf'pr vfuf'pr ifjek.kcksèkd
fo'ks"k.k fo'ks"k.k la[;kokpd la[;kokpd
↓
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
x.kukokpd Øeokpd vko`fÙkokpd leqnk;okpd izR;sdcksèkd
↓
↓ ↓

iw.kk±dcksèkd viw.kk±dcksèkd

uksV~l tks laKk ;k loZuke dh fo'ks"krk crk, mls ^fo'ks"k.k* dgrs gSaA

3-1-1 lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k
iq#"kokpd vkSj futokpd loZuke (eSa] rw] og) osQ flok vU; loZuke tc fdlh laKk osQ igys
vkrs gSa] rc os ^lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k* dgykrs gSaA tSlsμog ukSdj ugha vk;k_ ;g ?kksM+k vPNk gSA ;gk¡
^ukSdj* vkSj ^?kksM+k* laKkvksa osQ igys fo'ks"k.k osQ :i esa ^og* vkSj ^;g* loZuke vk, gSaA vr%] ;s
lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k gSaA O;qRifÙk osQ vuqlkj lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k osQ Hkh nks Hksn gSaμ(1) ekSfyd lkoZukfed
fo'ks"k.kμtks fcuk :ikarj osQ laKk osQ igys vkrk gSA tSlsμ;g ?kj_ og yM+dk_ dksbZ ukSdj bR;kfnA
(2) ;kSfxd lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.kμtks ewy loZukeksa esa izR;; yxkus ls curs gSaA tSlsμ,slk vkneh_ oSQlk
?kj_ tSlk ns'k bR;kfnA

3-1-2 xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k
ftl 'kCn ls laKk dk xq.k] n'kk] LoHkko vkfn yf{kr gks] mls ^xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k* dgrs gSaA
fo'ks"k.kksa esa budh la[;k lcls vfèkd gSA buosQ oqQN eq[; :i bl izdkj gSaμ
dkyμu;k] iqjkuk] rktk] Hkwr] orZeku] Hkfo";] izkphu] vxyk] fiNyk] ekSleh] vkxkeh] fVdkmQA
LFkkuμmtkM+] pkSjl] Hkhrjh] ckgjh] mQijh] lrgh] iwjch] ifN;k¡] nk;k¡] ck;k¡] LFkkuh;] ns'kh;] {ks=kh;] vleh]
iatkch] vesfjdh] Hkkjrh;A
vkdkjμxksy] pkSdksj] lqMkSy] leku] ihyk] lqanj] uqdhyk] yack] pkSM+k] lhèkk] frjNkA

jaxμyky] ihyk] uhyk] gjk] lisQn] dkyk] cSaxuh] lqugjk] pedhyk] èkq¡èkyk] iQhdkA
n'kkμnqcyk] iryk] eksVk] Hkkjh] fi?kyk] xk<+k] xhyk] lw[kk] ?kuk] xjhc] m|eh] ikyrw] jksxhA

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