Page 185 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk

uksV (ii) vuqPNsn 32 (Article 32)–;g vuqPNsn lafoèkku osQ Hkkx III esa fn, ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dks ykxw
djokus osQ fy, loksZPp U;k;ky; rd igqqap djus dk vfèkdkj nsrk gSA loksZPp U;k;ky; ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dh
lqj{kk osQ fy, U;kf;d iqufuZjh{k.k dh 'kfDr dk iz;ksx djrk gSA
(iii) vuqPNsn 131 vkSj 132 (Article 131 & 132)–;g nks vuqPNsn loksZPp U;k;ky; osQ izkjafHkd vkSj
vihyh; vfèkdkj&{ks=kksa dk Øeokj o.kZu djrs gSaA blesa osQUnz&jkT; >xM+ksa ls fuiVus] jkT;ksa osQ eè; >xM+ksa dks
fuiVus dh 'kfDr vkSj lafoèkku dh O;k[;k djus dh loksZPp U;k;ky; dh 'kfDr 'kkfey gSA bu 'kfDr;ksa dk
iz;ksx djrs le;] loksZPp U;k;ky; U;kf;d iqufuZjh{k.k dh 'kfDr dk iz;ksx djrk gSA
(iv) vuqPNsn 226 (Article 226)–vuqPNsn 226 jkT; mPp U;k;ky;ksa dks U;kf;d iqufuZjh{k.k 'kfDr dk
iz;ksx dk vkèkkj iznku djrk gS tks lafoèkku osQ Hkkx III dh vksj ls fn, yksxksa osQ ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dh lqj{kk
osQ fy, iz;ksx dh tkrh gSA

(v) vuqPNsn 246 (Article 246)–vuqPNsn 246 osQ vèkhu la?k vkSj jkT;ksa esa oSèkkfud 'kfDr;ksa dk
foHkktu fd;k x;k gSA D;ksafd loksZPp U;k;ky; dks la?k&jkT; >xM+ksa osQ lHkh eqdíeksa dk fu.kZ djus dh 'kfDr
nh xbZ gS tks muosQ chp 'kfDr;ksa osQ foHkktu osQ lacaèk esa iSnk gksrks gSa] ;g vuqPNsn Hkh U;kf;d iqufuZjh{k.k
dks vkèkkj iznku djrk gSA
(vi) vuqPNsn 124 (6) vkSj 219 (Article 124 (6) & 219)–bu vuqPNsnksa osQ vèkhu] loksZPp
U;k;ky; vkSj mPp U;k;ky;ksa osQ U;k;kèkh'kksa dks Øeokj dkuwu osQ }kjk LFkkfir lafoèkku osQ izfr fu"Bk dh 'kiFk
mBkuh iM+rh gSA
bu lHkh fo'ks"k yksxksa us U;k;ky; dh U;kf;d iqufuZjh{k.k dh 'kfDr dks vkèkkj iznku fd;k tkrk gSA MkWú ,lú
lhú MS'k osQ 'kCnksa esa] ¶U;k;ikfydk dk ;g ifo=k drZO; gS fd og lafoèkku dks foèkkuikfydk vkSj
dk;Zikfydk osQ vkØe.kksa osQ fo#¼ loksZPp j[ks---¸A
;g lHkh vuqPNsn Hkkjr esa U;k;ky;ksa osQ U;kf;d iqufuZjh{k.k dh dkuwuh vkSj laoSèkkfud vkèkkj iznku djrs gSaA
buosQ vfrfjDr lafoèkku dh dbZ vU; fo'ks"krk,¡ Hkh U;k;ky;ksa osQ U;kf;d iqufuZjh{k.k dh 'kfDr dks vkèkkj iznku
djrh gSaA

1- lhfer ljdkj dk fl¼kUr (The Principle of Limited Government)–lafoèkku Li"V :i esa
ljdkj dh 'kfDr;ksa dks ifjHkkf"kr djrk gSA ljdkj osQoy ifjHkkf"kr 'kfDr;ksa dk gh iz;ksx dj ldrh gS vkSj
vlhfer 'kfDr;ka ughaA ljdkj dk dksbZ vax vius fuèkkZfjr vfèkdkj&{ks=k ls ckgj ugha tk ldrkA ;g ns[kuk
U;k;ky;ksa dk mÙkjnkf;Ro gksrk gS fd ljdkj vkSj bldk izR;sd vax lafoèkku osQ }kjk ifjHkkf"kr vfèkdkj {ks=k
osQ vanj gh dk;Z djsa vkSj ;fn bl fl¼kUr dk mYya?ku gks rks U;k;ky; mYya?ku djus okys dk;Z dks jí dj
ldrs gSaA

2- la?kokn (Federalism)–la?kh; iz.kkyh esa] U;k;ikfydk osQ ikl vfrfjDr mÙkjnkf;Ro vFkkZr~ lafoèkku dh
loksZPprk dh lqj{kk djuk gksrk gS vkSj la?k o jkT; ljdkjksa }kjk vius&vius vfèkdkj {ks=kksa ls ckgj tkus ij
izfrcUèk Hkh gksrk gSA blosQ fy, Hkh U;kf;d iqufuZjh{k.k 'kfDr dk U;k;ky; osQ }kjk iz;ksx vfuok;Z gks tkrk
gSA
3- fyf[kr vfèkdkj (Written Rights)–tc dHkh lafoèkku yksxksa osQ fy, fyf[kr rFkk dkuwu }kjk ykxw
djus ;ksX; vfèkdkjksa dh O;oLFkk djrk gS rks U;kf;d iqufuZjh{k.k dh uhao j[krk gSA U;k;ky;ksa dks bu vf/dkjksa
dks ykxw djus vkSj budh lqj{kk djus dh 'kfDr fey tkrh gSA Hkkjr esa lafoèkku esa fyf[kr vfèkdkjksa dk fcy
laoSèkkfud mipkjksa osQ vfèkdkj lfgr 'kkfey gS tks lafoèkku dh ekSfyd lajpuk dk ,d Hkkx gSA blosQ fy,

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