Page 195 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk

uksV izLrkouk (Introduction)

lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek O;oLFkk dkuwu dh ,d ubZ 'kk[kk gS tks Hkkjr esa vc dkiQh o"kks± ls O;ogkj esa ykxw
dh tk jgh gSA yksxksa dks U;k; nsuk U;kf;d iz.kkyh dk ,d izeq[k ;gka rd fd izFke mís'; gS vkSj blosQ fy,
U;kf;d iz.kkyh dks pqLr] oqQ'ky vkSj tgka rd laHko gks] de [kphZyh vkSj ljy cukuk vko';d gksrk gSA
lkoZtfud fgr iz.kkyh ftldk yksdfiz; uke ih-vkbZ-,y- gS] dks izk;% ^u;k dkuwuh f{kfrt* (New Legal
Horizon) dgk tkrk gSA ;g bu pkj mís';ksa dks iw.kZ djus osQ fy, viukbZ xbZ gSA vkjaHk ls gh bl O;oLFkk
us yksdfiz;rk izkIr djuh vkjaHk dj nh vkSj bl izfØ;k esa tfLVl ihú ,uú Hkxorh tSls U;k;kèkh'kksa us iz'kaluh;
Hkwfedk vnk dhA blosQ iQyLo:i vkt ;g O;oLFkk Hkkjrh; U;kf;d O;oLFkk osQ ,d egÙoiw.kZ vax osQ :i
esa fodflr gqbZ gSA

10-1 lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek O;oLFkk % voèkkj.kk vkSj izÑfr (Public Interest
Litigation : Concept and Nature)

lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek O;oLFkk dks ge ,d ,slh dkuwuh O;oLFkk dh rjg ifjHkkf"kr dj ldrh gSa ftlesa dkuwu
osQ U;k;ky; fdlh lkoZtfud ;k lkekU; fgr dh lqj{kk osQ fy, dk;Zokgh vFkkZr~ eqdnek vkjEHk dj ldrs
gSaA tc fdlh lkoZtfud fgr dks dksbZ Hkh O;fDr ;k laLFkk cqjh rjg izHkkfor dj jgh gks ;k ,slk djus dk iz;kl
dj jgh gks rks lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek iz.kkyh osQ vèkhu U;k;ky; dk;Zokgh vkjEHk dj ldrs gSaA vius ,d
fu.kZ; esa Hkkjr osQ loksZPp U;k;ky; us lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek O;oLFkk dks bl izdkj ifjHkkf"kr fd;k gS % ¶,d
,sls lkoZtfud fgr ;k vke fgr dks ykxw djokus osQ fy, U;k;ky; osQ }kjk dkuwuh dk;Zokgh dk vkjEHk fd;k
tkuk ftlesa turk ;k turk osQ fdlh oxZ osQ fgrksa dk mYya?ku fd;k tk jgk gks ;k mldks gkfu igq¡pkbZ tk
jgh gksA ,sls lkoZtfud fgr vke turk osQ vfèkdkjksa osQ vkèkkj ij mfpr ekus tkrs gSa vkSj ;fn fdlh rjg ls

bu fgrksa osQ fo#¼ dksbZ dk;Z gks jgk gks ;k fd;k tkus okyk gks U;k;ky; dkuwuh dk;Zokgh vkjEHk djosQ
lkoZtfud fgr dh lqj{kk osQ fy, mi;qDr funsZ'k ns ldrs gSa] nksf"k;ksa dks n.M nsdj vkSj ftuosQ fgrksa dk
mYya?ku gqvk gks mudh {kfriw£r (Compensation) nsdj lkoZtfud fgrksa dh lqj{kk dj ldrh gSA
lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek O;oLFkk osQ vèkhu dksbZ Hkh ukxfjd ;k ukxfjdksa dk lewg ;k dksbZ Hkh laxBu fyf[kr
:i esa fdlh U;k;ky; ;k loksZPp U;k;ky; ;k mPp U;k;ky; osQ è;ku esa dksbZ ,slk fo"k; ;k eqík yk ldrk
gS tksfd lkoZtfud fgr osQ fo#¼ gks ;k lkoZtfud fgr dk mYya?ku dj jgk gksA fdlh Hkh ,slh ljdkjh uhfr
;k vkns'k dks U;k;ky; osQ è;ku esa yk;k tk ldrk gS tksfd ,slk le>k tk, fd lkoZtfud fgrksa dk mYya?ku
dj jgk gSA ;fn U;k;ky; bl fyf[kr fjiksVZ esa fy[ks x, fopkj ls lger gksrh gS rks ml fjiksVZ dks ,d fiVh'ku
ekudj ,d eqdnek vkjEHk dj ldrh gS vkSj ftl laLFkk ;k ljdkjh foHkkx osQ fo#¼ vkjksi yxk;k x;k gks
fd og lkoZtfud fgrksa dk mYya?ku dj jgk gS rks U;k;ky; ml foHkkx ;k laLFkk dks uksfVl tkjh djosQ ,d
eqdnek vkjEHk dj ldrk gSA
;gk¡ rd fd U;k;ky; osQ U;k;kèkh'k Lo;a Hkh lekpkj&i=kksa esa izdkf'kr lekpkjksa osQ vkèkkj ij vius vki (Suo

Moto) ,d vnkyrh dk;Zokgh vkjEHk dj ldrs gSa ;fn os le>rs gSa fd fdlh ljdkjh ;k xSj&ljdkjh uhfr
;k dk;Zokgh ls vke turk osQ fgrksa dks gkfu igq¡pk jgh gSA og lEcfUèkr O;fDr ;k laLFkk ;k foHkkx ;k ,tsalh
dks uksfVl tkjh djosQ lkoZtfud fgr dks igq¡pus okyh gkfu dks nwj djus osQ fy, mi;qDr vkns'k tkjh dj ldrs
gSa vkSj vnkyrh dk;Zokgh vkjEHk dj ldrs gSaA

190 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY