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bdkbZ—10: lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek O;oLFkk ,oa yksd vnkyr
mnkgj.k osQ :i esa tc ebZ 1995 esa gfj;k.kk fctyh cksMZ deZpkfj;ksa dh ;wfu;u us ,dne gM+rky dj nh uksV
D;ksafd muosQ fdlh deZpkjh dk xyr <ax ls LFkkukarj.k dj fn;k x;k Fkk rks iatkc vkSj gfj;k.kk mPp U;k;ky;
osQ ekuuh; U;k;kèkh'k Jh oh- osQ- >kath us vius vki dk;Zokgh vkjEHk djrs gq, paMhx<+ osQ x`g lfpo] gfj;k.kk
fctyh cksMZ osQ mPp vf/dkfj;ksa] lEcfUèkr vfèkdkjh vkSj ;wfu;u yhMjksa dks vius U;k;ky; esa cqyk fy;kA
ekuuh; U;k;kèkh'k us ;g vkns'k fn;k fd fctyh lIykbZ ,dne O;ofLFkr dh tk, vkSj lEcfU/r deZpkjh osQ
fo#¼ 'kh?kz ls 'kh?kz Nkuchu djosQ mlosQ osQl dk fu.kZ; fd;k tk,A
mUgksaus ;g Hkh fu.kZ; fn;k fd ;fn ;wfu;u vkSj deZpkjh vius fu;ksDrkvksa ls U;k; izkIr u dj losQ rks mudks
U;k;ky; osQ ikl vkdj U;k; ysuk pkfg,A bl izdkj Li"V :i esa ekuuh; U;k;kèkh'k us vke turk osQ fgrksa
dh j{kk dhA vizSy 1997 esa dkaxzsl osQ izèkku vkSj HkwriwoZ dks"kkè;{k Jh lhrkjke osQljh osQ fo#¼ ,d
lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek vkjEHk fd;k x;k D;ksafd muosQ fo#¼ ;g nks"k yxk;k x;k Fkk fd mUgksaus mi;qDr
vf/dkjh ls vkKk fy, fcuk fons'kh eqnzk esa ny osQ fy, nku ,df=kr fd;k FkkA
bl izdkj lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek O;oLFkk esa fdlh vke fgr osQ mYya?ku osQ fo#¼ dksbZ Hkh ukxfjd ;k
ukxfjd laxBu ;k ukxfjdksa dk lewg U;k;ky; osQ lkeus ,d fiVh'ku izLrqr dj ldrk gS vkSj ;fn U;k;ky;
bl ckr ls lger gks tk, fd fiVh'ku ls fy[kh xbZ f'kdk;r esa dksbZ lPpkbZ utj vkrh gS rks U;k;ky; ,d
eqdnek vkjEHk djosQ lkoZtfud fgr dh j{kk djus dk iz;kl dj ldrk gSA lcls cf<+;k ckr ;g gS fd
lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek O;oLFkk esa dksbZ Hkh U;k;ky; vius vki (Suo moto) Hkh dk;Zokgh vkjEHk dj ldrk
gSA
10-2 lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek O;oLFkk dh fo'ks"krk,¡ (Features of Public
Interest Litigation)
lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek O;oLFkk ,oa yksd vnkyr
1- lkoZtfud fgr eqdnek O;oLFkk dk mís'; gS lkoZtfud fgrksa dh j{kk vkSj buosQ lEcUèk esa dh tkus
okyh ;k laHkkfor dk;Zokfg;k¡ tks fdlh lkoZtfud fgr dks cqjh rjg izHkkfor dj jgh gksa] osQ fo#¼ U;kf;d
dk;Zokgh djuk vkSj blosQ }kjk lkoZtfud fgr dh j{kk djukA
2- lkoZtfud fgr eqdnes dh dk;Zokgh dksbZ Hkh ukxfjd ;k ukxfjdksa dk lewg ;k laxBu dj ldrk gS
tksfd U;k;ky; osQ è;ku esa lkoZtfud fgr osQ fdlh Hkh mYya?ku dk ekeyk ykrk gSA ,d lkèkkj.k i=k osQ }kjk
U;k;ky; osQ lkeus dksbZ ,slk ekeyk j[kk tk ldrk gS vkSj ;fn U;k;ky; mfpr le>s rks bl i=k dks ,d
fiVh'ku eku dj vnkyrh dk;Zokgh vkjEHk dj ldrk gSA
3- U;k;ky; osQ U;k;kèkh'k vius vki Hkh lekpkj&i=kksa esa izdkf'kr fjiksVks± vFkok lkoZtfud lwpukvksa osQ
vkèkkj ij ;k fdlh vU; fjiksVZ osQ vkèkkj ij Hkh vnkyrh dk;Zokgh vkjEHk djosQ lkoZtfud fgr dh j{kk osQ
fy, iz;kl dj ldrs gSaA
4- lkoZtfud fgr eqdnes dh dk;Zokgh vkjEHk djus osQ fy, dksbZ vkSipkfjd fiVh'ku dh vko';drk
ugha gksrhA ,d lkèkkj.k fiVh'ku osQ }kjk lkoZtfud fgr eqdnes dh dk;Zokgh vkjEHk dh tk ldrh gSA
5- lkoZtfud fgr eqdnes esa vFkok fu.kZ; nsus osQ i'pkr~ U;k;ky; fdlh odhy ;k odhyksa ;k oqQN vU;
vfèkdkfj;ksa dks ;g mÙkjnkf;Ro lkSai ldrk gS fd og ns[ks fd U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; ykxw fd;k x;k Fkk ;k ughaA
U;k;ky; fdlh fyf[kr f'kdk;r osQ fo#¼ Nkuchu djus osQ fy, Hkh mÙkjnkf;Ro fdlh vfèkdkjh dks lkSai
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