Page 41 - DENG201_ENGLISH_II

Unit 2: Functional English Grammar : Transformation and Synthesis of Sentences

(iii) Separate : Kalidas wrote Shakuntla. It is a play in Sanskrit. Notes
Combined : Kalidas wrote Shakuntla, a play in Sanskrit
(iv) Separate : Mumtaz Mahal was the beloved queen of Shah Jahan. Shah Jahan
was a great Mughal king. She lies in the Taj.
Combined : Mumtaz Mahal, the beloved queen of Shah Jahan, a great Mughal king, lies
in the Taj.
(v) Separate : Banaras is a city of temples. It stands on the bank of the river Ganges.
The Ganges is a sacred river in India.
Combined : Banaras, the cit of temples, stands on the bank of the Ganges, a sacred
river in India.
4. By using a Preposition with a Noun or a Gerund; as—
(i) Separate : The sun set. The train did not arrive.
Combined : The sun set before the arrival of the train.
(ii) Separate : He is ill. He still attends the school.
Combined : In spite of illness, he attends the school.
(iii) Separate : You must support him. Otherwise he will lose the election.
Combined : But for your support he will lose the election.
(iv) Separate : He wrote novels. In this way he earned his living.
Combined : He earned his living by writing novels.
(v) Separate : My son succeeded. I heard the news. I was beside myself with joy.
Combined : On hearing the news of my son’s success, I was beside myself with joy.
5. By using an Absolute Phrase; as—
(i) Separate : It was a holiday. We went out for a picnic.
Combined : It being a holiday, we went out for a picnic.
(ii) Separate : The negotiations failed. The war broke out in Europe.
Combined : The negotiations having failed, the war broke out in Europe.
(iii) Separate : The sun rose. The fog disappeared.
Combined : The sun having risen, the fog disappeared.
(iv) Separate : The war broke out. Things disappeared from the market. The prices
rose sky-high.
Combined : The war having broken out and the things having disappeared from the
market, the prices rose sky-high.
6. By using an Adverb or an Adverbial Phrase; as—
(i) Separate : The sun rose. They had dug a deep channel.
Combined : They had dug a deep channel by sun-rise.
(ii) Separate : He will come here. It is sure.
Combined : He will surely come here.
(iii) Separate : He did not invite me. He did it with an intention.
Combined : He did not invite me intentionally.
(iv) Separate : She spoke the truth. She did not fear at all.
Combined : She spoke the truth without any fear.
(v) Separate : All the convicts made good their escape from the prison. This was
unfortunate.
Combined : Unfortunately all the convicts made good their escape from the prison.

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