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,sfPNd fgUnh—III Reeta Singh, Lovely Professional University
Notes
bdkbZ 2% HkfDrdky dh lkekU; izo`fÙk;k¡
vuqØef.kdk (CONTENTS)
mís'; (Objectives)
çLrkouk (Introduction)
2-1 izo`fÙkxr i`"BHkwfe
2-2 HkfDrdkyhu lkfgR; dh lkekU; izo`fÙk;k¡
2-3 HkfDrdky dh lkekU; izo`fÙk;k¡
2-4 lkjak'k (Summary)
2-5 'kCndks'k (Keywords)
2-6 vH;kl ç'u (Review Questions)
2-7 lanHkZ iqLrdsa (Further Readings)
mís'; (Objectives)
bl bdkbZ ds vè;;u ds i'pkr~ fo|kFkhZ%
HkfDrdky dh lkekU; izo`fÙk;ksa dh i`"BHkwfe dh tkudkjh izkIr djsaxsA
HkfDrdky dh lkekU; izo`fÙk;ksa dk laf{kIr ifjp; izkIr djsaxsA
çLrkouk (Introduction)
HkfDr vkanksyu oS".ko vkpk;ks± dk vkJ; ikdj dkiQh rs”kh ls mÙkj Hkkjr esa c<+us yxkA lar dfo;ksa
vkSj lwiQh dfo;ksa us fuxqZ.k HkfDr /kjk }kjk fgUnq&eqlyekuksa esa ,drk LFkkfir djus dk iz;Ru fd;kA
lwjnkl] rqylhnkl] dchj] xq:ukud nso th] nknw] eywd rFkk tk;lh fuxqZ.k /kjk ds dfo;ksa us bl
fn'kk esa viuk dkiQh ;ksxnku fn;kA rqylhnklÑr ^jkepfjrekul*] lwiQh dfo tk;lhÑr
^in~ekor* tSlk dksbZ nwljk dkO; ugha feyrkA
2-1 izo`fÙkxr i`"BHkwfe
iwoZ&eè;dkyhu HkfDrdkO; dk vkjEHk gksus ds igys ls gh izkUrh; Hkk"kk,¡ vius&vius viHkza'kksa dk
vuqlj.k djrs gq, fgUnh ds lekukUrj lkfgR;&jpuk esa izo`Ùk FkhaA buesa o.;Z fo"k;ksa] dkO;&:iksa
rFkk jpuk&'kSfy;ksa dh fofo/ ijEijk,a izpfyr Fkha tks vux<+] vViVh vkSj ÅViVkax yxrh FkhaA
buesa uohu laLdkj vkSj fu[kkj dk vkuk le;&lkis{k FkkA buesa o.;Z fo"k; ;k rks izpfyr /eks± ls
lacaf/r Fks ;k yksdksUeq[kh lkfgR;<Zu dh izo`fÙk vis{kkÑr vf/d eq[kj FkhA ijUrq HkfDrdkO;
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