Page 127 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_HINDI

bdkbZ—7% tkWu ykWd

esa Hk;Hkhr jgus yxk] vr% og Hkh Hkkxdj gkyS.M pyk x;k vkSj lu~ 1679 bZ- rd ogha jgkA rRdkyhu LVqvVZ uksV
oa'kh jktk dks xíh ls mrkjus rFkk fofy;e vkWiQ vkWjsat dks xíh ij fcBkus osQ "kM~;U=k esa ykWd us Hkh lfØ;
:i ls Hkkx fy;kA 1688 bZ- dh ØkfUr osQ liQy gksus rFkk fofy;e dks baxyS.M cqyk;s tkus ij ykWd Hkh mlh
tgkt ls baxyS.M ykSVk ftl tgkt ls fofy;e dh iRuh esjh baxyS.M vk;hA fofy;e us jktxíh ij cSBus
ij ykWd dks mldh lsokvksa osQ iqjLdkj Lo:i ^dfe'uj vkWiQ vihYl* dk in fn;k ftls ykWd us Lohdkj
dj fy;kA lu~ 1700 bZ- esa LokLF; dh nqcZyrk osQ dkj.k mlus ljdkjh in R;kx fn;kA lu~ 1704 esa 72 o"kZ
dh voLFkk esa mldk fuèku gks x;kA
tkWu ykWd dh jpuk,¡ (Works of John Locke)
tkWu ykWd dh x.kuk baxyS.M osQ egku ys[kdksa esa dh tkrh gSA mlus jktuhfr'kkL=k] vFkZ'kkL=k] èkeZ'kkL=k] f'k{kk]
n'kZu] foKku] vkfn fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij 30 ls Hkh vfèkd xzUFk fy[ks jktuhfr'kkL=k osQ lEcUèk esa mlosQ egRoiw.kZ
xzUFk fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
1- euq"; LoHkko osQ lEcUèk esa fucUèk (Essay Concerning Human Understanding, 1960)
2- 'kklu ij nks fucUèk (Two Treatises on Government, 1690)

3- lfg".kqrk ij igyk i=k (First Linear on Toleration, 1689)
4- lfg".kqrk ij nwljk i=k (Second Letter on Toleration, 1690)
5- lfg".kqrk ij rhljk i=k (Third Letter on Toleration, 1692)
6- f'k{kk ls lEcfUèkr dfri; fopkj (Some Thoughts Concerning Education, 1693)
7- oSQjksfyuk dk ekSfyd lafoèkku (The Fandamentals of Constitutions of Carolina, 1692)

bu lHkh jpukvksa esa ls ^'kklu ij nks fucUèk* ykWd dh egRoiw.kZ jpuk gSA bl xzUFk osQ ckjs esa izks- okgu
us fy[kk gS fd nksuksa fucUèk ,d nqukyh cUnwd dh rjg gSa ftlesa ,d uyh fiQYej dh vksj vkSj nwljh gkWCl
dh vksj fu'kkuk lkèks gq, gSA igys fucUèk esa fiQYej }kjk izfrikfnr jktk osQ nSoh vfèkdkjksa osQ fl¼karksa tksjnkj
[k.Mu fd;k x;k gSA fiQYesj osQ vuqlkj izkphure lezkV oqQyksa osQ firk FksA bZ'oj us vkne dks] viuh lUrfr
osQ Åij iwjk vf/dkj fn;kA ;g vfèkdkj fir`lÙkkRed vkSj jktrU=kkREd FkkA jktrU=kkRed 'kklu fir`lÙkkRed
gksus osQ dkj.k LokHkkfod vkSj bZ'oj iznÙk gSA mlus ;g Hkh crk;k fd baxyS.M osQ LVqvVZ jktkvksa osQ vfèkdkj
oa'kkuqØe <ax ls] vkne ls gh fu%l`r gSaA jktkvksa osQ nSoh vfèkdkjokn vkSj fir`lÙkkRed vfèkdkjokn dk bl
izdkj fiQYej us leFkZu fd;k FkkA nwljs fucUèk esa ysfo;kFku esa gkWCl }kjk izfrikfnr fujaoqQ'krkokn dk fojksèk
fd;k x;k gSA oLrqr% ykWd osQ xzUFk dk mís'; fujaoqQ'krkokn osQ vkèkkjksa dk [k.Mu djuk vkSj ;g fl¼ djuk
Fkk fd 1688 dh jDrghu ØkfUr ls jktk fofy;e dks izkIr jktlÙkk turk dh lgefr ij vkèkkfjr FkhA

ykWd dk f}rh; fucUèk jktuhfr fpUru dh n`f"V ls Hkh cgqr mi;ksxh gS D;ksafd mlesa
mUgksaus ljdkj osQ ewy iz'uksa dks mBk;k gS rFkk jktlÙkk o dkuwu osQ vkSfpR; dks fl¼
fd;k gS vkSj ;g cryk;k gS fd jkT; dh vkKk dks ekuuk D;ksa vko';d gSA

ykWd osQ fpUru dks izHkkfor djus okys rRo ,oa ifjfLFkfr;k¡ (Factors and Conditions
Which Influenced Locke’s Thinking)
ykWd dk le; jktuhfrd n`f"V ls mFky&iqFky dk le; FkkA og ml le; dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa] ?kVukvksa vkSj fopkjdksa
ls izHkkfor gqvkA loZizFke og 1688 dh xkSjoiw.kZ ØkfUr dh ?kVuk ls izHkkfor gqvkA uoEcj 1688 esa jktoqQekj

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