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ik'pkR; jktuhfr fopkj
uksV Js.kh osQ vUrxZr j[kk tk ldrk gSA blh izdkj mldh egku~ jpuk ^ysfo;kFku* osQ ckjs esa os fy[krs gSa fd]
¶og vaxzsth Hkk"kk esa jktuhfrd n'kZu dk lcls egku~ vkSj dnkfpr ,dek=k vuqie xzUFk gSA¸ tku ys;MZ
osQ 'kCnksa esa] ¶gkWCl izfrHkklEi euksoSKkfud] mRÑ"V rRoKkuh] izfl¼ jktuhfrd fpUrd ,oa ,d ,slk
uSfrdoknh gS ftls fczVsu osQ vkpkj'kkL=k dk tud dgk tk ldrk gSA¸
• gkWCl osQ jktuhfrd fpUru dk izHkko tgka ,d vkSj lokZf/dkjoknh fopkj/kjk ij iM+k gS ogha nwljh vkSj
O;fDroknh vkSj mi;ksfxrk fopkj/kjk Hkh mlls izHkkfor gqbZ gSA og Lihukstk] csUFke] vkWLVhu vkSj ghxy vkfn
nk'kZfudksa dk izsj.kk Ïksr jgk gSA vkWLVhu }kjk izfrikfnr oS/kfud lEizHkqrk dk fl¼kar gkWCl osQ fpUru ls
izsfjr jgk gSA gkWCl osQ izHkko dk ewY;kadu djrs gq, eSDlh us fy[kk gS] ¶mldk izHkko jktn'kZu ij rc rd
jgsxk tc rd fd yksx jktuhfrd fo"k;ksa ij ppkZ djrs jgsaxsA¸ osij osQ vuqlkj] ¶og ,d ,slh [kku gS
ftlesa n'kZu :ih ewY;kou èkkrq /eZfujis{kokn dk leFkZu HkkSfrdokn osQ n'kZu osQ vk/kj ij fd;k vkSj bl
izdkj jktn'kZu esa vk/qfud ;qx dk lw=kikr fd;kA
6-6 'kCndks'k (Keywords)
• ysfo;kFkuμegkekuoA
• izfrLi/kZμizfr;ksfxrkA
6-7 vH;kl&iz'u ( Review Questions)
1. gkWCl osQ thou ifjp; dk laf{kIr o.kZu dhft,A
2. gkWCl dk lkekftd le>kSrk fl¼kar D;k gS\ o.kZu dhft,A
3. gkWCl osQ lEizHkqrk fl¼kar dh O;k[;k dhft,A
4. gkWCl osQ jktn'kZu esa fujaoqQ'krkokn dk fo'ys"k.kkRed foospu dhft,A
mÙkj % Lo&ewY;kadu (Answer: Self Assessment)
1. 1. (x) 2. (d) 3. ([k)
2- 1. 'kkldh; 2. Hk; 3. fo/k;d
6-8 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ (Further Readings)
1. jktuhfrd ¯pru osQ vkpk;Zμ fgUnh ekè;e dk;kZUo; funs'kky;] fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;A
2. jktuhfrd fopkjksa dk bfrgkl (IysVks ls coZQ)μMk- izHkqnÙk 'kekZ] dkyst cqd fMiks] t;iqj]
fnYyhA
3. ik'pkR; jktuhfrd fpUru dk bfrgkl (IysVks ls ekDlZ)] Mk- ch- ,y- iQfM+;k lkfgR; Hkou
ifCyosQ'ku] vkxjkA
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