Page 167 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_HINDI

bdkbZ—8% thu tSDl :lks

nsrk gS rFkk ,d lewg osQ :i esa ge esa ls izR;sd O;fDr lewg osQ vfoHkkT; vax osQ :i esa vius O;fDrRo uksV
rFkk viuh iw.kZ 'kfDr dks izkIr dj ysrk gSA¸
:lks osQ lkekftd le>kSrs ls lkekU; bPNk ij vkèkkfjr izHkqRo lEi lekt dh LFkkiuk gksrh gSA :lks dh
lkekU; bPNk dh fo'ks"krk,¡ gSaμv[k.Mrk] vns;rk] loksZPprk] LFkkf;Ro] fujaoqQ'krk vkfnA :lks osQ fl¼kUr esa
turk }kjk vius leLr vfèkdkjksa dk leiZ.k lkekU; bPNk dks dj fn;k tkrk gS vkSj turk dks fdlh Hkh
ifjfLFkfr esa lkekU; bPNk (jkT;) osQ fojksèk dk vfèkdkj ugha gSA blhfy, tksUl us dgk gS fd ¶:lks osQ
lkekU; bPNk fo"k;d fl¼kUr esa oqQN ,sls vfLFkj rRo gSa tks mls turU=k osQ leFkZu dh vksj ls gVkdj fujaoqQ'k
'kklu osQ leFkZu dh vksj ys tkrs gSaA¸ MkbM osQ vuqlkj] ¶:lks lkekU; bPNk dh vkM+ esa cgqer dh fujaoqQ'krk
dk izfriknu rFkk leFkZu djrk gSA¸
:lks dk izHkqlÙkkèkkjh gkWCl dk 'kh'k foghu ysfo;kFku (Rouseau’s General Will is
Hobbes’s Levithan With its Head Chopped off)

okgu osQ vuqlkj ¶:lks dk izHkqlÙkkèkkjh gkWCl dk ysfo;kFku gS ftldk eLrd dkV fn;k x;k gSA¸ Lo;a :lks us
viuh iqLrd ^lks'ky dkUVsªDV* osQ izFke laLdj.k osQ eq[ki`"B ij dVs flj okys ysfo;kFku dk fp=k fn;k FkkA bldk
rkRi;Z gS fd gkWCl us tks fujaoqQ'k lÙkk jktk dks iznku dh] :lks us ogh leLr turk vFkok lkekU; bPNk dks
iznku dh gSA
gkWCl vkSj :lks dh lEizHkqrk lEcUèkh èkkj.kk esa lekurk,¡μgkWCl rFkk :lks osQ izHkqlÙkk lEcUèkh fopkj cgqr
oqQN lhek rd ,d ls gSaA lkekU; bPNk osQ tks y{k.k :lks us crk, gSa] os yxHkx oSls gh gSa ftudk o.kZu gkWCl
us vius lEizHkq esa fd;k gSA vUrj osQoy ;g gS fd gkWCl dk lEizHkq ,d ekuo nso gS vkSj :lks lEizHkq dk fuokl
^lkekU; bPNk* esa ekurk gSA blfy, okgu dk ;g dFku Bhd gS fd ^;fn gkWCl osQ ekuo nso (ysfo;kFku) dk
'kh'k dkV fn;k tk, rks og :lks dh lkekU; bPNk gh gksxhA*
gkWCl rFkk :lks osQ izHkqlÙkkèkkjh dh lekurk,¡ bl izdkj gSaμ
1- gkWCl dh Hkkafr :lks Hkh jkT; (lkekU; bPNk) dks fujaoqQ'k ekurk gSA
2- gkWCl osQ ysfo;kFku dh Hkkafr :lks dh lkekU; bPNk loksZPp vkSj lEizHkq gSA

3- gkWCl osQ ysfo;kFku dh Hkkafr lkekU; bPNk v[k.M gS] laxfBr bdkbZ gSA
4- ysfo;kFku dh Hkkafr lkekU; bPNk lnSo U;k;laxr gS vkSj mfpr gSA
5- ysfo;kFku dh Hkkafr lkekU; bPNk osQ Åij lekt dh dksbZ vU; 'kfDr ugha gks ldrhA bldh vkKk dk
ikyu lcosQ fy, vfuok;Z gSA
6- ysfo;kFku dh Hkkafr lkekU; bPNk dkuwuksa vkSj fofèk;ksa dk ewy Ïksr gSA
7- gkWCl dh Hkkafr :lks Hkh bl ckr dk izfriknu djrk gS fd jkT; dk O;fDr;ksa osQ lEiw.kZ thou ij vfèkdkj
gksrk gS vkSj O;fDr dk ewy drZO; jkT; dh vkKkvksa dk ikyu djuk gSA :lks osQ vuqlkj lkekU; bPNk
}kjk fu£er dkuwu osQ vuqlkj vkpj.k djosQ gh euq"; iw.kZr% LorU=k gks ldrk gSA blhfy, dgk x;k gS
fd ¶og vfr fujaoqQ'krkoknh gS] 19oha 'krkCnh osQ teZu vkn'kZokn dk vxznwr gS* (He is the extreme
absolutist the precursor of 19th century German idealism)A dkaLVsUV us fy[kk gS fd ^og lHkh
izdkj osQ fujaoqQ'k&rU=kksa dk lcls Hk;adj fe=k gS* (He is the most terrible ally of despotism in all
its forms)A MÔwfxV osQ 'kCnksa sa ¶:lks tsdksfc;u fujaoqQ'kokn vkSj lhtjoknh rkuk'kkgh dk tud vkSj dkUV
o ghxy osQ fujaoqQ'krkoknh fl¼kUrksa dk izsjd gS¸ (“J. J. Rousseau is the father of Jacobian
despotism of Caesarian dictatorship and the inspirer of the absolutist doctrines of Kant
and of Hegel.”)

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