Page 310 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

bdkbZ—13% jktuhfrd ny

Hkkx gSa] ysfdu nksuksa Hkkxksa esa ikjEifjd lEcUèk gSaμ(d) LFkk;h laxBu (Permanent Organization) tks uksV
fijkfeM osQ vkdkj&lk gSA blesa lrg ls pksVh rd fofHkUu Lrjksa ij ny &lfefr;k¡ gSa] tSlsμLFkkuh;] dkm.Vh]
jkT; rFkk jk"Vª dh lfefr;k¡A ([k) lkef;d ;k vLFkk;h laxBu (Periodic or Temporary Organization),

ftlesa ny osQ izkFkfed laxBu (Party Primaries) rFkk lEesyu (Party Convention) mYys[kuh; gSaA os o"kZ
esa ,d ckj ;k mlls Hkh vfèkd le; osQ vUrj ij feyrs gSa vkSj ny&laxBuksa ls lEcfUèkr egÙoiw.kZ iz'uksa
dk fu.kZ; djrs gSaA
(d) LFkk;h laxBu (Permanent Organization)
(i) LFkkuh; laxBuμmi{ks=kh; (Precinct) ernku ftyk ny dk lcls fuEu laxBu gSA izk;% 100 ls 500

ernkrk ,d {ks=k esa jgrs gSaA vkt djhc 1,25,000 {ks=k la;qDr&jkT; esa gSa ;g ernku bdkbZ osQ nyh;
laxBu dk ,d vè;{k gksrk gS tks ernkrkvksa ls lEcUèk dk;e j[krk gSA foHkkxh; (mi{ks=kh;) laxBuksa
osQ mQij uxjksa esa okMZ&lfefr;k¡ (Ward Committees) vkSj xzke&lfefr;k¡ (Village Committees)
gksrh gSa tks foHkkxh; laxBuksa osQ dk;ks± dk leUo; djrh gSaA uxjksa esa okMZ&lfefr;ksa osQ mQij uxj lfefr;k¡
(City Committees) gksrh gSa tks okMZ vkSj foHkkxh; laxBuksa dks funsZf'kr djrh gSaA
(ii) dkm.Vh laxBuμmi;qZDr fuEu Lrjh; ny laxBuksa osQ mQij dkm.Vh&osQUnzh; lfefr;k¡ (County Central
Committees) gksrh gSaA ;s uhps osQ laxBuksa esa leUo; LFkkfir djrh gSa] dkm.Vh ljdkj ls lEcfUèkr
leL;kvksa esa gkFk c¡Vkrh gSa rFkk jkT;&osQUnzh; lfefr ls lEcUèk LFkkfir djrh gSaA iwjs ns'k esa yxHkx 3,000
dkmf.V;k¡ gSa vkSj izR;sd esa nyksa osQ futh laxBu gSaA
(iii) jkT; laxBuμjkT;ksa esa izR;sd ny dh jkT;&osQUnzh; lfefr (State Central Committee) gksrh gSA ;g
jkT; osQ vUrxZr leLr nyh; ;U=kksa dk fujh{k.k djrh rFkk jkT; osQ inksa osQ fy, pquko yM+rh gSA
jkT;&lfefr osQ lnL;ksa dk fuokZpu ftyk ;k uxj&lfefr;ksa vkSj oqQN jkT;ksa esa izkbejh vFkok jkT;
lEesyuksa }kjk gksrk gSA izR;sd ny dh 20 jkT; lfefr;k¡ gSaA
jk"Vªh; laxBuμizR;sd ny osQ LFkk;h laxBu osQ 'kh"kZ ij jk"Vªh; lfefr (National Committee) gksrh gSA blesa
izR;sd jkT; ls nks izfrfufèk vkrs gSaμ,d iq#"k rFkk ,d L=khA budk fuokZpu jk"Vªh; lEesyu osQ izfrfuf/;ksa ;k
jkT; lEesyuksa }kjk gksrk gSA fjifCydu jk"Vªh; lfefr dk lnL; rFkk jkT;&lfefr dk vè;{k Hkh gksrk gSA
jk"Vªh; lfefr eq[;r% jk"Vªifr&in osQ fy, ny osQ izR;k'kh }kjk uketn O;fDr dks ny dk vè;{k fu;qDr
djrh] jk"Vªh; lEesyu dk vk;kstu djrh rFkk ny osQ inkfèkdkfj;ksa dks pqurh gSA bl lfefr dk ,d vè;{k
gksrk gS ftldh lfefr jk"Vªifr in dk izR;k'kh euksuhr djrh gSA mldh ,d dk;Zdkfj.kh lfefr (Executive
Committee) Hkh gksrh gSA lfefr Lo;a jk"Vªifr osQ fuokZpu esa Hkkx ysrh gS] ijUrq flusV rFkk izfrfufèk lHkk osQ
lnL;ksa osQ fuokZpu osQ fy, nks mi&lfefr;k¡ fu;qDr djrh gSa] tSlsμSenatorial Campaign Committee rFkk
Congressional Compaign Committee.
([k) vLFkkbZ laxBu (Periodic Organization): nyksa osQ dfri; laxBu fliZQ lkef;d gksrs gSaA mudk ;g
laxBu fo'ks"k mís'; osQ fy, gksrk gS rFkk mldh iw£r osQ i'pkr~ os lekIr gks tkrs gSaA izk;% izR;sd nks o"kZ ij
nyksa dk jkT;&lEesyu (State Conventions) gksrk gS ftlesa jk"Vªh; lEesyu osQ izfrfufèk;ksa dk fuokZpu ny osQ
jkT; ?kks"k.kk&i=k dh LohÑfr vkfn dk;Z gksrs gSaA blh rjg jk"Vªh; Lrj ij Hkh pkj o"kZ osQ i'pkr~ izR;sd ny dk
jk"Vªh; lEesyu gksrk gSA blosQ izfrfufèk jkT; vkSj {ks=kh; lEesyuksa vkSj ny lfefr;ksa ;k oqQN jkT;ksa osQ jk"Vªifr
osQ fuokZpu osQ fy, fu£er izkFkfed lfefr;ksa }kjk pqus tkrs gSaA jk"Vªh; lEesyu dk izeq[k dk;Z jk"Vªifr&in osQ
fy, mEehnokj pquuk gSA

jktuhfrd nyksa osQ dk;Z (Functions of Political Parties): jktuhfrd nyksa osQ vHkko esa iztkrkaf=kd ljdkj
vlEHko gSA Lora=k ljdkj osQ fy, jktuSfrd ny vfuok;Z gSaA vesfjdk esa Hkh jktuhfrd ny 'kklu osQ vkèkkj
ij cu x;s gSaA os vusd egÙoiw.kZ dke djrs gSaA

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