Page 77 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI
P. 77
rqyukReoQ jktuhfr vkSj ljoQkj
uksV z gj jkT; esa foQlh u foQlh çoQkj oQk lafoèkku rks vfuok;Zr% gksrk gS] ij gj ,sls jkT; esa laoSèkkfuoQ ljoQkj
gks ;g Hkh t:jh ugha gSA laoSèkkfuoQ ljoQkj ls lhfer vFkZcksèku gksrk gS] D;ksafoQ laoSèkkfuoQ ljoQkj og
ljoQkj gh gksrh gS tks lafoèkku oQh O;oLFkkvksa osQ vuqlkj laxfBr] lhfer vkSj fu;af=kr gks rFkk O;fDr fo'ks"k
oQh bPNkvksa osQ LFkku ij] osQoy fofèk osQ vuq:i gh lapkfyr gksrh gksA fgVyj o Lrkfyu osQ le; esa teZuh
o :l esa lafoèkku rks Fks ij laoSèkkfuoQ ljoQkjsa Hkh Fkh ,slk ugha oQgk tk loQrkA
z osQoy og ljoQkj gh laoSèkkfuoQ ljoQkj oQgh tk;sxh tks lafoèkku ij vkèkkfjr gks] lafoèkku }kjk lhfer vkSj
fu;af=kr gks o LosPNkiwoZoQrk osQ LFkku ij osQoy fofèk osQ vuq:i gh lapkfyr gksrh gksA la{ksi esa laoSèkkfuoQ
ljoQkj fofèk jktuhfroQ O;oLFkk esa gh lafoèkkuokn lEHko gS] D;ksafoQ lafoèkkuokn mu ekU;rkvksa] vkLFkkvksa
vkSj ekuo ewY;ksa oQk uke gS ftloQk lafoèkku esa o.kZu o leFkZu gksrk gS vkSj ftuoQh miyfCèk o lqj{kk
gsrq jktuhfroQ 'kfDr ij çHkko'kkyh fu;a=k.kksa o jksoQksa (restraints) oQh O;oLFkk gksrh gSA
z lafoèkkuokn mu fopkjksa o fl¼kUrksa oQh vksj laosQr oQjrk gS] tks ml lafoèkku oQk fooj.k o leFkZu oQjrs
gSa] ftuosQ ekè;e ls jktuhfroQ 'kfDr ij çHkko'kkyh fu;a=k.k LFkkfir foQ;k tk losQA
z lafoèkkuokn 'kklu oQh og i¼fr gS ftlesa 'kklu turk oQh vkLFkkvksa] ewY;ksa o vkn'kks± oQks ifjyf{kr oQjus
okys lafoèkku osQ fu;eksa o fl¼karaksa osQ vkèkkj ij gh foQ;k tk, o ,sls lafoèkku osQ ekè;e ls gh 'kkloQksa
oQks çfrcafèkr o lhfer j[kk tk, ftlls jktuhfroQ O;oLFkk oQh ewy O;oLFkk,¡ lqjf{kr jgsa vkSj O;ogkj esa
gj O;fDr oQks miyCèk gks losQaA
z ¶lafoèkkuokn ml fu"Bk oQk uke gS tks euq"; lafoèkku esa fufgr 'kfDr esa j[krs gS ftlls ljoQkj O;ofLFkr
cuh jgrh gSA¸ vFkkZr og fu"Bk o vkLFkk oQh 'kfÙkQ ftlesa lqlaxfBr jktuhfroQ lÙkk fu;af=kr jgrh gS]
^lafoèkkuokn* gSA
z oQqN fopkjoQ 'kklu oQks lhfer o fu;af=kr oQjus osQ fy, rFkk ekuo ewY;ksa oQh lqj{kk lEHko cukus osQ fy,
'kfDr foHkktu oQks vfèkoQ egÙo nsrs gSa o mls lafoèkkuokn oQk ewy vkèkkj ekurs gSaA muoQh ekU;rk gS foQ
lafoèkkuokn jktuhfroQ 'kfDr;ksa oQk foHkktu oQj ljoQkj osQ oQk;ks± ij çHkko'kkyh fu;a=k.k LFkkfir oQjuk gSA
vr% lafoèkkuokn rHkh laHko gS tc foQlh jktuhfroQ O;oLFkk esa 'kfDr foHkktu osQ }kjk ljoQkjh oQk;ks± ij
çHkko'kkyh fu;a=k.k LFkkfir foQ;k tk losQA
z blls ;g Hkh Li"V gS foQ tgk¡ lafoèkku gS ogk¡ lafoèkkuokn vko';oQ :i ls ik;k tkrk gks ;g t:jh ugha
gSA lafoèkku osQ ekè;e ls rks ge foQlh Hkh ns'k oQh jktuhfroQ O;oLFkk] vFkkZr ljoQkj osQ Lo:i] mloQh
'kfDr;ksa o ukxfjoQksa vkSj ljoQkj osQ lEcUèkksa ls lEcfUèkr fl¼kUrksa o fu;eksa oQk laosQr ikrs gSa tcfoQ
lafoèkkuokn ,oQ ,slh O;oLFkk gS ftlesa lafoèkku osQ ekè;e ls gh ljoQkj oQh 'kfDr;ksa ij 'kfÙkQ forj.k }kjk
çHkko'kkyh fu;a=k.k LFkkfir foQ;k tkrk gSA
z ifjHkk"kk oQh n`f"V ls lafoèkkuokn fopkjèkkjk oQk çrhoQ gSA blesa jk"Vª osQ ewY;] fo'okl o jktuhfroQ vkn'kZ
vkrs gSa] ftuls feyoQj fopkjèkkjk curh gS] vkSj ml fopkjèkkjk (Ideology) oQk çrhoQ lafoèkkuokn oQgykrk
gSA lafoèkku laxBu oQk çrhoQ gSA ;g mu fl¼kUrksa oQk laoQyu oQgk tk loQrk gS ftuosQ vuqlkj ljoQkj
oQh 'kfDr;ksa o 'kkflrksa osQ vfèkoQkjh osQ eè; lEcUèkksa oQk lek;kstu foQ;k tkrk gSA
z mRifÙk oQh n`f"V ls Hkh nksuksa esa vUrj gSA lafoèkkuokn ges'kk gh fooQkl oQk ifj.kke jgk gSA gj ns'k osQ ewY;]
fo'okl o vkn'kks± oQk fooQkl 'krkfCn;ksa osQ vkoj.k esa rFkk le; oQh ifjfèk esa èkhjs&èkhjs gksrk gSA ijEijkxr]
laLFkkxr o ekuo lEcUèkh rÙoksa ls jk"Vªksa osQ fo'okl o vkn'kZ fooQflr gksrs jgrs gSa] vkSj tulkèkkj.k osQ
thou esa brus ?kqy&fey tkrs gSa foQ buoQh çkfIr vkSj j{kk gsrq lekt cM+s ls cM+k cfynku oQjus osQ fy,
rS;kj jgrk gSA lafoèkku] osQoy fczVsu osQ lafoèkku oQks NksM+oQj] lkèkkj.kr;k fufeZr gksrs gSa rFkk ckn esa
ijEijkvksa osQ ekè;e ls lafoèkkuokn oQh vko';oQrkvksa osQ vuq:i Lor% cnyrs&<yrs tkrs gSaA
72 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY