Page 82 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

bdkbZμ4% jktuhfrd laLÑfr

vkeUM vkSj ikosy us bldh ifjHkk"kk djrs gq, fy[kk gS % ^jktuhfrd laLÑfr] jktuhfrd O;oLFkk osQ lnL;ksa uksV
dh jktuhfr osQ izfr oS;fDrd vfHko`fÙk;ksa o vfHkeq[khdj.kksa dk izfreku gSA** bUgksaus bl ifjHkk"kk dks Li"V djrs
gq, fy[kk gS fd jktuhfrd laLÑfr O;fDrfu"B {ks=k gS tks jktuhfrd fØ;k osQ ewy esa gksrk gS vkSj bldks vFkZ
iznku djrk gSA
flMuh ockZ us jktuhfrd laLÑfr osQ fofHkUu igyqvksa dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, bldh O;kid ifjHkk"kk nh gSA mlosQ
vuqlkj ^^jktuhfrd laLÑfr esa vkuqHkfod fo'oklksa] vfHkO;DrkRed izrhdksa vkSj ewY;ksa dh og O;oLFkk
lfUufgr gS tks ml ifjfLFkfr vFkok n'kk dks ifjHkkf"kr djrh gS ftlesa jktuhfrd fØ;k lEiUu gksrhA** bl
izdkj ockZ us jktuhfrd laLÑfr dks jktuhfrd O;oLFkk rFkk mlosQ vo;oksa ,oa O;oLFkk esa 'kfDr osQ
O;fDrxr&dk;ksZa osQ izfr fof'k"V jktuhfrd vfHkeq[khdj.kksa rFkk vfHko`fÙk;ksa dk la;qDr :i dgk gSA
Y;wf'k;u ikbZ osQ vuqlkj ^^jktuhfrd laLÑfr vfHko`fÙk;ksa] fo'oklksa rFkk euksHkkoksa dk ,slk iqat gS tks jktuhfrd
fØ;k dks vFkZ ,oa O;oLFkk iznku djrk gS rFkk jktuhfrd O;oLFkk dks fu;fU=kr djus okyh varfuZfgr iwoZ
èkkj.kkvksa rFkk fu;eksa dks cukrk gSA**
mijksDr ifjHkk"kkvksa osQ Li"V gS fd jktuhfrd laLÑfr O;oLFkk esa jktuhfr osQ izfr oS;fDrd vfHko`fÙk;ksa vkSj
vfHkeq[khdj.kksa dk izfreku gS] vFkkZr jktuhfrd O;oLFkk rFkk jktuhfrd eqíksa osQ lEcfUèkr lkekftd
n`f"Vdks.kksa] fo'oklksa vkSj ewY;ksa osQ jktuhfrd laLÑfr dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA dbZ ckj ;g gks ldrk gS fd ;s
vfHko`fÙk;k¡ lpsru :i osQ èkkfjr u gksa vkSj jktuhfrd O;oLFkk esa fdlh O;fDr ;k xqV osQ lEcUèkksa esa ;s fufgr
gksaA bl rjg] bldk cgqr gh ljy vFkZ ysa rks jktuhfrd laLÑfr] jktuhfr osQ izfr yksxksa dh èkj.kk,¡ gSa] vFkkZr
dgk¡ rd ukxfjd ;g eglwl djrs gSa fd os fu.kZ;dkjh izfØ;k (decision making process) esa Hkkx ysdj
mosQ izHkkfor dj ldrs gSa] osQ Hkko osQ lacfUèkr vfHko`fÙk gSA
jktuhfrd laLÑfr osQ vFkZ vkSj ifjHkk"kk osQ ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd jktuhfrd laLÑfr esa osQoy mu leh{kkRed]
fdUrq O;kid :i osQ izpfyr fo'oklksa vkSj euksHkkoksa dks gh fy;k tkrk gS tks vfHkeq[khdj.k osQ mu fof'k"V
izfrekuksa dk fuekZ.k dj losQa tks fd jktuhfrd izfØ;k dks O;oLFkk vkSj Lo:i iznku djrs gSaA lkjka'k :i
esa jktuhfrd laLÑfr] jktuhfrd {ks=k dks mlh izdkj lajpuk vkSj vFkZ iznku djrh gS ftl izdkj laLÑfr
(General culture) lkekftd thou dks esy vkSj ,dhdj.k iznku djrh gSA vr% jktuhfrd laLÑfr ,d
fuf'pr vkSj lhfer voèkkj.kk gS tks lkekU; laLÑfr osQ lEcfUèkr vkSj izHkkfor jgrs gq, Hkh mlosQ dqN
Lok;Ùkrk j[krh gSA bl izdkj ;g jktuhfr osQ izfr yksxksa dh èkkj.kkvksa vkSj vfHko`fÙk;ksa dk uke gSA
jktuhfrd laLÑfr dh fo'ks"krk,¡ vkSj y{; (The Characteristics and Features of

Political Culture)

jktuhfrd laLÑfr ,d jktuhfrd O;oLFkk osQ nwljh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk esa ekËkRed vUrj j[k ldrh gSA
lkèkkj.kr% ,d jktuhfrd lekt dh jktuhfrd laLÑfr nwljs jktuhfrd lekt dh jktuhfrd laLÑfr osQ ekËk
dh n`f"V osQ i;kZIr fHkUu gh gksrh gSA ;g lekt esa fo|eku fo'okl ;k vfo'okl dh ekËk] lekurk ;k
inkuqØe ij fn, tkus okys tksj] LorUËrk ;k ckè;dkfjrk dh 'kfDr dks lgu djus dks fn, tkus okys tksj]
LorUËrk ;k ckè;dkfjrk dh 'kfDr dks lgu djus dks fn, tkus okys egÙo vkSj O;fDr;ksa osQ lEiw.kZ jk"Vª ;k
NksVs&NksVs lewgksa bR;kfn osQ izfr fu"Bk dh ekËk ij fuHkZj djus osQ dkj.k] gj jktuhfrd lekt esa ekËkRed
vUrjksa osQ ;qDr gksrh gSA fdUrq fofHkUu jktuhfrd lektksa dh jktuhfrd laLÑfr esa izdkj osQ vUrj ugha gksrs
gSaA pkgs dSlh gh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk gks mlosQ jktuhfrd laLÑfr esa vkSj nwljh] mlosQ fHkUu izdkj dh jktuhfrd
O;oLFkk dh laLÑfr esa] ekËk osQ xgjs vUrj gks ldrs gSa fdUrq muesa izdkj osQ vUrj ugha gksrs gSaA mnkgj.k
osQ fy,] LosPNkpkjh 'kklu O;oLFkk esa jktuhfrd laLÑfr] yksdrkfU=kd O;oLFkkvksa dh jktuhfrd laLÑfr osQ
lokZfèkd ekËkRed vUrj j[krh gSA ,d gh jktuhfrd lekt esa vusd mi&laLÑfr Hkh ekStwn gks ldrh gS

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