Page 84 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

bdkbZμ4% jktuhfrd laLÑfr

bl n`f"Vdks.k osQ vkeaM jktuhfrd laLÑfr dk fËi{kh foHkktu izLrqr djrs gSa ftosQ la{ksi esa bl izdkj O;Dr uksV
fd;k tk ldrk gS %
1- ladh.kZ jktuhfrd laLÑfr (Parochial Political Culture): ;g lhèks lkns ijEijkxr lektksa esa
fo|eku gksrh gS tgk¡ cgqr gh de fo'ks"khdj.k gksrk gS vkSj tgk¡ vfHkusrkvksa dh jktuhfrd] vkfFkZd
vkSj èkkfeZd Hkwfedkvksa dk ,d lkFk fuokZg djuk iM+rk gSA ;gk¡ ge fdlh dchys osQ ljnkj osQ :i
esa vfofHkUu Hkwfedk lajpuk dk izfreku ns[krs gSa tks ,d lkFk iz'kkld] iknjh ;k iqjksfgr osQ dk;ks± osQ
vykok vkfFkZd dk;ks± dks laiUu djrk gS fdUrq mlosQ vèkhu jgus okys yksx jktuhfrd O;oLFkk osQ ckjs
esa dksbZ ,slh tkx:drk iznf'kZr ugha djrs ;|fi iwjs leqnk; osQ ckjs esa muesa tkx:drk gks ldrh gSA
gks ldrk gS fd fodkl osQ dkj.k dqN O;fDr;ksa dks osQUæh; jktuhfrd izkfèkdj.k osQ vfLrRo osQ ckjs
esa vo'; irk py tk, ysfdu liQy O;oLFkk osQ ckjs esa mudh Hkkoukvksa ^^dk ewY;k¡du Li"V :i esa
muosQ lkeus ugha vk;k gS] ftlosQ muosQ fy, ekudksa dh LFkkiuk dh tk losQ rFkk ftlesa O;oLFkk osQ
lkFk muosQ lEcUèkksa dk fofu;eu fd;k tk losQA
2- vèkhuLFk&jktuhfrd laLÑfr (Subject-Political Culture): ;g ogk¡ fo|eku gksrh gS tgk¡ lEiw.kZ
O;oLFkk osQ izfr vkSj fof'k"V :i esa blosQ fuxZr igyqvksa osQ ckjs esa vfHkfoU;kl dh cgqr Å¡ph vko`fÙk
gksrh gSA ;g vèkhuLFk ;k vkfJr mifuos'kksa esa ns[kh tk ldrh gS tgk¡ yksx viuh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk
osQ izfr ;k rks xoZ eglwl djrs gS vFkok 'kËqrkA vFkkZr~ os vius 'kkldksa osQ fu.kZ;ksa dks vkSfpR;iw.kZ eku
dj mUgsa Lohdkj dj ysrs gSa ;k vius vkRe&fu.kZ; osQ vfèkdkj osQ uke ij muosQ f[kykiQ la?k"kZ djrs
gSaA ;g nwljh ckr gS fd vkeaM yksxksa dks jktuhfrd O;oLFkk dh vUèk vLohÑfr dks vkSfpR;iw.kZ le>us
ij dqN vfèkd cy nsrs gSa vkSj og mudh 'k=kqrk lEcUèkh Hkkx dh vogsyuk dj nsrs gSa ftuosQ
ifj.kkeLo:i ,sosQ vkUnksyu gksrs gSa tks fu.kZ;&fuekZrkvksa osQ cuk, dkuwuksa dks ^dkys dkuwu* dgdj muosQ
izkfèkdkj dk [k.Mu djrs gSa vkSj iw.kZ LojkT; dh ekax djrs gSaA
3- lgHkkxh&jktuhfrd laLÑfr (Participant-Political Culture): ;g mu vR;fèkd fodflr lektksa esa
gksrh gS tgk¡ yksx vius vkidks ny osQ lfØ; lnL; ekudj jktuhfrd {ksË esa lfØ; <ax osQ Hkkx ysrs
gSaA os vfèkdkjksa vkSj drZO;ksa osQ ckjs esa vPNh rjg osQ ifjfpr gksrs gSaA ^^gj Krj ij O;oLFkk dk
ewY;k¡du vkSj mldh vkykspuk dh tkrh gS vkSj vke rkSj ij bosQ foosdiw.kZ le>dj Lohdkj fd;k
tkrk gS fd jktuhfrd fØ;kdyki dks lekt osQ Hkhrj O;fDr;ksa vkSj oxks± dh ?kfu"B laoh{kk osQ vèkhu
gksuk pkfg,A cgjgky] vkeaM bl ckr dks Li"V dj nsuk pkgrs gSa fd D;ksafd jktuhfrd laLÑfr;k¡
jktuhfrd n`f"V osQ vfèkd ltkrh; gksrh gS] blfy, O;fDr;ksa osQ ckjs esa ;g ugha le>uk pkfg, fd
os jktuhfrd dk;ks± osQ izfr leku <ax osQ vfHkeq[k gSaA
blosQ vykok] vkeaM nks vkSj pjksa dh vksj laosQr djrs gSa ftuosQ ckjs esa è;ku j[kk tkuk pkfg,A ,d] vfefJr
jktuhfrd laLÑfr dh lHkh fdLeksa osQ vykok] vkeaM O;ofLFkr :i esa fefJr fdLe dh jktuhfrd laLÑfr dh
vksj Hkh funsZ'k djrs gaSA ;gk¡ og mu fLFkfr;ksa dk fu:i.k djrs gSa tgk¡ vfHkfoU;klksa osQ ,d osQ vfèkd izfrekuksa
dk mYys[kuh; vuqikr miyCèk gSA bl izdkj] og rhu fdLeksa dk fuèkkZj.k djrs gSa% (1) ladh.kZ&vèkhuLFk&lgHkkxh
jktuhfrd laLÑfr (parochial-subject-political culture), (2) izèkhuLFk&lgHkkxh&jktuhfrd laLÑfr (subject-
participant-political culture), (3) ladh.kZ&lgHkkxh&jktuhfrd laLÑfr (parochial-participant-political
culture) vkSj ukxfjd laLÑfr (civic culture)A nwljs] jktuhfrd laLÑfr;k¡ vkSj jktuhfrd lajpuk,¡ dHkh LFkk;h
;k LFkSfrd ugha gksrh gSa rFkk rhoz oSKkfud o izkS|ksfxd ifjorZuksa osQ dkj.k loZlerk ,oa loZ&vlerk dh izfØ;k
le; osQ lkFk pyrh jgrh gSA vius vidks iw.kZ djus osQ fy, loZlerk dh vksj ;k blosQ nwj lapyu dh izo`fÙk
vifjgk;Z ugha gSA lEHko gS fd loZlerk osQ FkksM+k igys laLÑfr osQ izfreku fdlh LFkku ij fLFkj gks tk,] vFkkZr~ ,sosQ
a
LFkku ij tgk¡ jktuhfrd O;oLFkk osQ ckjs esa O;fDr;ksa dh Bhd tkudkjh gksrh gS mosQ os cnkZ'kr Hkh djuk pkgrs gS ysfdu

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