Page 11 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

bdkbZ—1% Hkkjrh; lekt

;|fi ;g izcq¼ rFkk lkekU; tu osQ chp ck/k Hkh mÙiUu djrh FkhA Hkk"kkbZ jkT;ksa dh dYiuk rFkk Ldwyksa] uksV
dkWystksa vkSj fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa {ks=kh; Hkk"kk osQ ekè;e ls iBu&ikBu Lora=krk dk gh izfriQy gSA ijUrq ;g ugha
dgk tk ldrk fd Hkk"kkbZ vUrj lekt esa vO;oLFkk iSnk djsxkA
tkfr&izFkk us Hkh Hkkjrh;ksa dks lkekU; lkaLd`frd fopkj/kjk iznku dh gSA ;|fi ;g Hkh lÙ; gS fd tkfr&izFkk
us vUrtkZrh; la?k"kks± dks tUe fn;k gS] vLi`';rk tSlh leL;k dks [kM+k fd;k gS] rFkk mPp vkSj vLi`';h tkfr;ksa
esa njkjsa iSnk dh gSa] ysfdu ;g Hkh lÙ; gS fd ^T+ktekuh* izFkk us xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa fofHkUu tkfr;ksa esa lkSgknZ ,oa
lg;ksx cuk, j[kk gSA fiNys dqN n'kdksa esa fofHkUu tkfr;ksa osQ 'kfDr laca/ksa esa ifjorZu vk;k gSA fiNys 47
o"kks± esa vk, vkfFkZd 'kfDr;ksa rFkk lkekftd jktuSfrd ifjorZuksa us cgqla[;d tkfr;ksa dh 'kfDr dks c<+k;k gSa
bu tkfr;ksa osQ usrkvksa dks LFkkuh;] {ks=kh; o osQUnzh; Lrj ij gksus okys jktuSfrd 'kfDr la?k"kZ esa viuh lkekftd
fLFkfr (strategic position) dk Hkyh Hkk¡fr Kku gSA bUgha tkfr;ksa osQ usrk cM+s izdj.kksa dks mtkxj djrs gSa o
mudh iSjoh djrs gSa] tSls deT+kksj oxks± dk mÙFkku] vLi`';rk] Hkwfe lq/kj vkfn osQ izdj.kA ;g tkrh; ,drk
dHkh&dHkh jk"Vªh; o {ks=kh; izdj.kksa dks mBkus esa vge~ gks tkrh gS vkSj vizÙ;{k :i ls jk"Vª osQ fodkl dh
izfØ;k esa ;ksxnku djrh gSA bl izdkj ;|fi /eZ] tkfr o Hkk"kk lekt esa dqN leL;k,a iSnk djrs gSaa] fiQj Hkh
Hkkjr dh ,drk bUgha rhu dkjdksa esa fufgr gSA ;gh rhuksa Hkkjr osQ yksxksa dks fofo/ Lrjksa ij ,d lw=k esa ck¡èks
gq, gSA ;|fi ;g nkok ugha fd;k tkrk fd ;s rhuksa dkjd (/eZ] tkfr o Hkk"kk) Hkkjrokfl;ksa osQ ,dhdj.k esa
fu.kkZ;d o egÙoiw.kZ gksaxs ijUrq ;g lq>ko vo'; fn;k tkus yxk gS fd dkykUrj esa yksx bl ckr dh iz'kalk
djus yxsaxs fd Hkkjr osQ lHkh /eks±] tkfr;ksa o Hkk"kkbZ lewgksa osQ yksx ukxfjdksa osQ :i esa ,d leku gSaA blls
lfg".kqrk mÙiUu gksxh rFkk /eZfujis{krk dks ,d vkn'kZ ewY; osQ :i esa cy feysxkA

ns'k esa ^foHkktu* nq"idk;kZÙed (dysfunctional) gks ldrs gSa] ysfdu Hkkjr osQ ukxfjd gksus esa muosQ ewY; vko';d
:i ls vlaxr o lkeatL;ghu (inconsistent) ugha gksaxsA bu foHkkftr [k.Mksa osQ izfr fu"Bk dk yqIr gksuk lEHko u
gks] ijUrq budks jk"Vª fojks/h dguk lgh ugha gksxkA ;fn dksbZ O;fDr ;g le>rk gks fd og fdlh tkfr] xk¡o] {ks=k
;k /eZ dk gS rks og ;g Hkh lksprk gS fd og ,d Hkkjrh; gS vkSj ,d ukxkfjd osQ :i esa mlosQ nkf;Ùo o dÙkZO;
Hkh curs gSaA bl izdkj dh Hkkouk,a gh mPp Lrj ij O;fDr;ksa esa ,drk cuk, j[krh gSa vkSj lekt dks Hkh laxfBr djrh
gSaA ,drk osQ bl fopkj ls O;fDr dks lekt esa fofo/rkvksa ls Mjus dh vko';drk ugha gSA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

1- fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks)—
1. ----------------- fo'o dk lkroka lcls cMk rFkk nwljk lcls ?kuh vkcknh okyk ns'k gSA

2. Hkkjr esa yxHkx ----------------- ,oa cksfy;ka cksyh tkrh gSaA
3. ----------------- deZ] /eZ] iqutZUe] vkÙek dh vejrk] Ù;kx o eks{k vkfn fl¼karksa dk vf/oDrk gSA
4. ----------------- cgqtuuh; vFkok fofo/ iztkfr;ksa dk feJ.k gSA
5. tkfr izFkk us ----------------- la?k"kks± dks tUe fn;k gSA

1-2 Hkkjrh; lekt dh /kfeZd] Hkk"kk;h] lkaLÑfrd vkSj {ks=kh; fofo/rk (Religious,
Linguistic, Cultural and Regional Diversities of Indian Society)

Hkkjrh; lkaLd`frd ijEijk vf}rh; gSA /eZ (ekudh; O;oLFkk)] deZ (oS;fDrd uSfrd opuc¼rk) vkSj tkfr
lkekftd Lrjhdj.k osQ lksikuh; :i esa Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dh eq[; /kj.kk,¡ gSaA bu rÙoksa osQ la:i.k vkSj erSD;
osQ dkj.k Hkkjrh; lekt esa lUrqyu vkSj LFkkf;Ùo n`<+ cusA ;gh dkj.k gS fd Hkkjrh; laLd`fr esa dksbZ eq[;
O;oèkku mÙiUu ugha gq,A ;g dgk tkrk gS fd ifjorZu lkaLd`frd O;oLFkk osQ vUrxZr gqvk gS] u fd lkaLd`frd

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