Page 137 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

bdkbZ—7% tkfr&O;oLFkk dk Hkfo"; ,oa ifjofrZr izo`fÙk;k¡

dk dksbZ Hkh ykHk ;k mi;ksx D;ksa u jgk gks] vkt ;g izxfr esa ckèkk gS] blfy, gesa bldk mRdV fojksèk djuk uksV
pkfg,¸A Mh-,u- etwenkj us Hkh 1950&1960 osQ chp dgk fd ftl izdkj vaxqyh VwVus ij osQoy vaxqyh dk
gh izfrLFkkiu gksrk gS u fd lEiw.kZ gkFk dk] blh izdkj vLi`';rk] 'kks"k.k] vkSj tkfr izFkk osQ ,sls gh vU;
gkfudkjd i{kksa dks lekIr dj fn;k tkuk pkfg, u fd lewph O;oLFkk dksA
;g lR; gS fd tkfr&O;oLFkk vkè;kfRed o HkkSfrd le`f¼ esa vkSj jk"Vªh; ,oa lkekftd le`f¼ esa jksM+k gSA
tc rd ;g lM+h xyh O;oLFkk pyrh jgsxh rc rd ge vius lkekftd vkn'kks± dks izkIr ugha dj ldrsA
blfy, ftruh tYnh bldh e`R;q dh ?k.Vh ctsxh mruh gh tYnh gekjk Hkfo"; vfèkd mTtoy cusxkA fiQj
Hkh] ;g ,d lR; gS fd bls bruh 'kh?kzrk ls lekIr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA bldh cqjkb;ksa dks de djus osQ fy,
ge osQoy oqQN mik; dj ldrs gSaA
iz'u mBrk gS fd tkfr dks fdl izdkj m[kkM+k tk;s ;k mls detksj fd;k tk;s\ bl lEcUèk esa oqQN mik; bl
izdkj ls lq>k, tk ldrs gSaμ
1- vUrZtkrh; fookgksa dks izksRlkgu feyuk pkfg,A blosQ fy, O;fDr dks thou&lkFkh osQ pquko dh
Lora=krk gksuh pkfg,] vkSj yM+osQ@yM+fd;ksa dks vkilh lEioZQ osQ volj izkIr gksus pkfg,] tSls
lg&f'k{kk vkSj lg&dk;ZA
2- cM+s uxjksa o dLcksa esa iw.kZr% fuxjkuh;qDr ;qod&;qofr;ksa osQ fy, Dyc o euksjatu osQUnzksa rFkk Nk=kkoklksa
dh LFkkiuk gksuh pkfg,A bu LFkkuksa ij os tkfr tSls fopkjksa dks Hkwysaxs vkSj ml ifjfèk ls ckgj vkdj
lkekftd vknku&iznku esa Hkkx ysaxsA
3- tkfr vkSj mitkfr dks uke osQ lkFk tksM+us dh izFkk ls vlkekftdrk dks cy feyrk gS] vr% bls lekIr
fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
4- jktuSfrd mís';ksa osQ fy, tkfr dk 'kks"k.k ugha gksuk pkfg, (tSls oksV ekaxuk] jktuSfrd in lkSaiuk]
vkfn)A tkfr vkSj jktuhfr osQ vifo=k xBcUèku u osQoy lkEiznkf;d lkSgknZ dks Bsl igqapkrs gSa] cfYd
ns'k dh lqj{kk dks Hkh gkfu igqapkrs gSaA

5- czkã.kksa dks iqjksfgr lsokvksa osQ {ks=k dh ,dkfèkdkj dh vuqefr ugha nh tk ldrhA bl mís'; ls ,d
osQUnzh; laxBu izkUrh; 'kk[kkvksa lfgr gksuk pkfg, ftlesa iqjksfgr deZ dh nh{kk nh tk losQA èkk£ed
izfrHkwfr;ksa (Religious Endowment) ij 1950 esa fu;qDr fd, x, vÕ;j vk;ksx us Hkh bl izdkj osQ
osQUnz dh LFkkiuk dh fliQkfj'k dh FkhA

ueZns'oj izlkn }kjk rhu {ks=kksa esa&vkS|ksfxd] xSj&vkS|ksfxd] ,oa xzkeh.k&fd, x, vè;;u esa tkfr&O;oLFkk dks
detksj fd;s tkus osQ fy, vius mÙkjnkrkvksa ls fuEufyf[kr mik; izkIr gq,μf'k{kk rFkk lHkh osQ fy, leku
volj (39-1»)] vUrtkZrh; fookg (35-3»)] vLi`';rk fuokj.k (12-2»)] rFkk lekurk osQ vkèkkj ij yksxksa
ls O;ogkj (13-4»)A fdUrq D;k bu mik;ksa ls tkfr O;oLFkk detksj gksxh ;k lekIr gks losQxh\ 'kk;n ughaA
uoEcj 1992 esa e.My vk;ksx dh fliQkfj'ksa ykxw djus lEcUèkh vius fu.kZ; esa mPpre U;k;ky; us Hkh Li"V
:i ls ;g eUrO; izdV fd;k gS fd vkj{k.k dk vkèkkj osQoy tkfr gh gksxkA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

2- fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks)—

1. ----------------- osQ Hkfo"; osQ fo"k; esa izxfr'khy fgUnw rhu n`f"Vdks.k izLrqr djrs gSaA
2. ----------------- vkNwr O;oLFkk ds fojks/h FksA
3. tkfr&O;oLFkk vkè;kfRed o HkkSfrd le`f¼ esa vkSj jk"Vªh; ,oa lkekftd le`f¼ esa ----------------- gSA
4. ----------------- mís'; ds fy, tkfr dk 'kks"k.k ugha gksuk pkfg,A

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 131