Page 225 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

bdkbZ—12% ifjorZu dh izfØ;k,¡

changeable parts) ls mRiknu (3) iSQDVªh etnwjksa ds ,d oxZ dk mn; tks etnwjh ds fy, dk;Z djrs gSa vkSj uksV
tks u rks mRiknu fd, x, eky vkSj u gh mRiknu ds lk/uksa ds ekfyd gksrs gSA (4) xSj&d`f"k /U/ksa esa yxs
yksxksa ds vuqikr esa o`f¼ vkSj (5) vla[; cM+s uxjksa dk fodklA vkS|ksxhdj.k yksxksa dks os HkkSfrd oLrq,a
miyC/ djkrk gS tks igys dHkh miyC/ ugha FkhaA vk/qfudhdj.k] nwljh vksj] ,d yEch izfØ;k gS ftlls
efLr"d dk oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k iSnk gksrk gSA
tsEl vks dksusy us vk/qfudhdj.k dh izfØ;k ds fo'ys"k.k esa bldks rhu igyqvksa esa foHkkftr fd;k gS%
(1) vkfo"dkjkRed (inventive) n`f"Vdks.k] vFkkZr~ oSKkfud Hkkouk ftlls fujUrj O;ofLFkfr rFkk vkfo"dkRed
Kku izkIr gksrk gks] tks fd ?kVuk ds dkj.k vkSj ifj.kke ls lacaf/r gks] (2) u, rjhdksa vkSj midj.kksa dk
vkfo"dkj] vFkkZr~ mu fofHkUu fof/;ksa dh [kkst tks vuqlU/ku dks vklku cuk;s] vkSj mu ubZ e'khuksa dk
vkfo"dkj tks thou ds u;s izfreku dks vko';d cukrs gksaA vk/qfud foKku }kjk izLrqr O;k[;k /kfeZd laLdkjksa
dks vuko';d cukrh gS] vkSj (3) lkekftd lajpukvksa dk yphykiu vkSj igpku dh fujUrjrk vFkkZr~]
O;fDrxr vkSj lkekftd lajpukRed nksuksa Lrjksa ij fujUrj ifjorZu dks Lohdkjus dh bPNk vkSj lkFk gh
O;fDrxr rFkk lkekftd igpku lqjf{kr j[kus dh ;ksX;rkA mnkgj.kkFkZ] cgqiRuh ijEijkxr lekt esa oSokfgd
jhfr&fjokt cqtqxks± ds pkjksa vksj dsfUnzr Fks] fdUrq etnwjh izFkk ds izpyu vkSj Jfedksa dh xfr'khyrk ls ;qok
ih<+h dks vkfFkZd miyfC/;ksa us ifRu;ksa ds fy, izfrLi¼kZ dks ckè; dj fn;kA
tsEl vks dksusy ds vuqlkj ijEijkxr lekt ls vk/qfud lekt esa tks ifjorZu gksrs gSa] os bl izdkj gSa%
(i) vkfFkZd fodkl esa o`f¼ gksrh gS vkSj og vkRefuHkZj gks tkrk gSA
(ii) /U/s vf/d fof'k"V vkSj dq'ky (skilled) gks tkrs gSA
(ii) izkjfEHkd /U/ksa esa yxas yksxksa dh la[;k de gksrh tkrh gS] tcfd }Srh;d rFkk r`rh;d /U/ksa esa yxs

yksxksa dh la[;k c<+rh tkrh gSA
(iv) iqjkus d`f"k ;U=kksa rFkk fof/;ksa ds LFkku ij VsªDVjksa vkSj jklk;fud moZjdksa dk iz;ksx c<+rk gSA
(v) oLrq fofue; (barter system) ds LFkku eqnzk O;oLFkk ys ysrh gSA
(vi) mu leqnk;ksa ds chp tks igys ,d nwljs ls vyx gksrs Fks vkSj Lora=k gksrs Fks] vUr%fuHkZjrk (inter-
dependence) vk tkrh gSA

(vii) uxjhdj.k dh izfØ;k esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA
(viii) iznÙk izfLFkfr vftZr izfLFkfr dks LFkku nsrh gSA
(ix) lekurk /hjs&/hjs laLrj.k dk LFkku ysrh gSA
(x) LokLF; lq/kj rFkk vPNh eSfMdy ns[kHkky ds dkj.k thou dh vof/ yEch gksrh tkrh gSA
(xi) ;krk;kr rFkk lapkj dh uohu fof/;ksa }kjk HkkSxksfyd nwfj;k¡ de gksrh tkrh gSA

(xii) oa'kkuqxr usr`Ro dk LFkku pquko }kjk usr`Ro ys ysrk gSA
bl lEcU/ esa ^ijEijk*] ijEijkokn rFkk ^ijEijkxr lekt* 'kCnksa dks le>uk vko';d gSA ^ijEijk* 'kCn dk
vFkZ vrhr esa pys vk jgs fo'oklksa ,oa izFkkvksa ls gSA ^ijEijkokn* ekufld n`f"Vdks.k (psychic attitude) gS
tks izkphu fo'oklksa vkSj izFkkvksa dh vifjorZuh; ekudj mudks 'kksHkk;qDr o xkSjokfUor djrk gSA ;g ifjorZu
vkSj fodkl ds foijhr gSA ijEijkoknh yksx ijEijk dks LFkkbZ ekurs gSaA mudk dguk gS fd ijEijkRed ewY;ksa
vkSj izFkkvksa dks ekuuk vkSj lqjf{kr j[kuk blfy, vko';d gS D;ksafd vrhr esa mUgsa mi;ksxh ik;k x;k FkkA vr%
os mu uohurkvksa ds nq'eu gSa tks iqjkuh izFkkvksa dk mYya/u djrh gSaA
,MoMZ f'kYi (Edward Shils, Tradition and Liberty in Ethics) ds vuqlkj ijEijk ;k ijEijkijd vfHkeq[k
fØ;k (tradition-alistically-oriented action) ¶ijEijkRed ekun.Mksa dk mudh ijEijkRed izd`fr ds izfr

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 219