Page 226 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

lkekftd lajpuk ,oa lkekftd ifjorZu

uksV tkx:d jgrs gq, LosPNk ls mudh fu'p;iwoZd vfHkiqf"V djuk (deliberate affirmation) gSA¸ ijEijkRed
ekun.M ifo=k Hkko ls iq.; :i esa mfnr gksrs gSaA ;fn ;g ekun.M vrhr dh fdlh ifo=k oLrq ls tqM+s gksa
rks muds ifjorZu dk vf/d fojks/ gksxk] vis{kkd`r mu ekun.Mksa ds ftudk vk/kj ifo=k oLrq ls lEcfU/
r u gksA
ijEijkxRed <ax laizsf"kr (transmitted) ekun.M bl dkj.k Lohdkj fd;s tkrs gSaa D;ksafd (1) muds u ekuus
ls ekU;rk o vuq'kkfLr (sanctions) dk iz'u mBrk gS] (2) nh xbZ fLFr esa os fu;eksa dh vko';drk dh iwfrZ
djrs gSa vkSj bl izdkj lekt esa fLFkfjdj.k (stabilization) dk dk;Z djrs gSa] (3) muesa ifo=kksUeq[krk gksrh
gS] (4) mudk laizs"k.k vrhr ls gksrk jgk gS] vkSj (5) Hk; vkSj vKkurk ds dkj.k Hkh yksx vrhr ds izfr
J¼koku jgrs gS vkSj ifjorZu dk fojks/ djrs gSaA
vkj- ,u- csYykg (R.N. Bellah, Values and Social Change in Modern Japan) ds vuqlkj ijEijkxr lekt
dh fo'ks"krk,a gSa% ijEijkvksa dh iz/kurk] ukrsnkjh ij vk/kfjr laxBu] iznÙk izfLFkfr rFkk laLrfjr lkekftd
O;oLFkkA blds foijhr ^vk/qfud lekt* dh fo'ks"krk,a gSa% e'khuh rduhd] jk"Vªh; o /eZ fujis{krk ds fopkj
rFkk vR;Ur mPprk dh fofo/rk iw.kZ lajpuk,aA ljy 'kCnksa esa ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd tgk¡ ijEijkxr lekt
jhfr&fjoktksa o izFkkvksa ls ca/k gksrk gS vkSj laLrfjr (hierarchical), iznÙk izfLFkfr okyk] rFkk vuqRiknd
(unproduction) gksrk gS] ogha vk/qfud lekt lekurkoknh (egalitarian), miyC/ ijd (achievement
oriented), rFkk mRiknu ijd (production-oriented) vFkZ&O;oLFkk ij vk/kfjr gksrk gSA
ijEijkxr lekt xfrghu gksrk gSA mPp xfr'khyrk okys lekt esa ftls eqDr lekt Hkh dgk tkrk gS] O;fDr
ekxZ esa vkusokys voljksa rFkk viuh ;ksX;rk o laHkkoukvksa dk ykHk mBkrs gq, viuh izfLFfr esa ifjorZu
djldrk gSA nwljh vksj] cUn ;k xfrghu lekt esa O;fDr tUe ls e`R;q rd ,d gh izfLFkfr eas jgrk gSA vk/
qfudrk ls gekjk rkRi;Z eqDr lekt dh jpuk gS ;k ubZ laLFkkvksa dh jpuk dh lhek ls] vkSj ml ifjorZu dks
Lohdkjus ls gS tks laLFkkvksa fopkjksa rFkk lekt dh lkekftd lajpuk ls lEc¼ gSA f'kYi (Shils) dh ekU;rk
gS fd ijEijkxr lekt fdlh Hkh vFkZ esa iw.kZr% ijEijkxr ugha gksrk vkSj vk/qfud lekt fdlh Hkh izdkj
ijEijkvksa ls eqDr ugha gksrkA

12-3-2 fo'ks"krk,¡

dkyZ M~;w'k us vk/qfudrk ds ,d i{k (vFkkZr~ lkekftd&tula[;kRed ;k ftls og lkekftd xfr'khyrk Hkh
dgrs gS) dk lnaHkZ nsrs gq, bafxr fd;k gS fd blds dqN lwpd (indices) bl izdkj gSa% ;a=kksa ds ekè;e esa
vk/qfud thou ds izfr foxksiu ;k vuko`fÙk (exposure), 'kgjhdj.k] d`f"k èkUèkksa esa ifjorZu] lk{kjrk rFkk izfr
O;fDr vk; esa o`f¼A

btsUVkM ds vuqlkj lkekftd laxBu (;k vk/qfudhdj.k) ds lajpukRed i{kksa ds eq[; lwpd (indices) gSa%
fof'k"V Hkwfedk,a (specialized roles) mueqDr fopj.k okyh (free floating) gksrh gSa (vFkkZr~ muesa izos'k
O;fDr ds iznÙk y{k.kksa ls fu/kZfjr ugha gksrk gS)] rFkk /u o 'kfDr tUe ds vkèkkj ij fuf'pr ugha gksrs (tSlk
fd ijEijkxr lektksa esa gksrk gS)A ;g ekdsZV tSlh laLFkkvksa ls (vkfFkZd thou esa)] ernku ls] vkSj jkuthfrd
thou esa ikVhZ dk;ks± ls lEc¼ gksrs gSA
ewj us crk;k gS fd vk/qfud lekt ds fo'ks"k vkfFkZd] jktuSfrd vkSj lkaLd`frd y{k.k gkrs gSaA vkfFkZd {ks=k
esa vk/qfud lekt ds y{k.k fuEu gSa% (1) vR;Ur mPp Lrjh; rduhdh dk fodkl tks Kku ds O;ofLFkr [kkst
ls gksrk gS] ftldk vuqlj.k izkFkfed O;olk; (d`f"k) esa de vkSj }Srh;d (m|ksx] O;kikj) vkSj r`rh;d
(ukSdjh) O;olk;ksa esa vf/d gksrk gS% (2) vkfFkZd fof'k"Vrkvksa dh Hkwfedkvksa dk fodkl] (3) izeq[k cktkjksa]
tSls oLrqvksa dk cktkj] Je cktkj] rFkk eqnzk cktkj ds {ks=k o tfVyrk dk fodklA

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