Page 228 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

lkekftd lajpuk ,oa lkekftd ifjorZu

uksV vk/qfudhdj.k cM+k tfVy gS D;ksafd blesa u dsoy vis{kkd`r u, LFkkbZ <k¡ps dh vko';drk gksrh gS] cfYd
,sls <k¡ps dh Hkh tks Lo;a dks fujUrj cnyrh n'kvksa ,oa leL;kvksa ds vuqdwy cuk ysA bldh liQyrk lekt
dh vkUrfjd ifjorZu dh lkeF;Z ij fuHkZj djrh gSA
btsUVkM dh ekU;rk gS fd vk/qfuddhdj.k ds fy, ,d lekt ds rhu lajpukRed y{k.k gksus pkfg,%
(1) (mPp Lrjh;) lajpukRed vUrj] (2) (mPp dksfV dh) lkekftd xfr'khyrk] vkSj (3) vis{kkd`r
dsUnzh; ds izfr izfrfØ;k O;Dr dj ldrk gSA ;s gSa%
1- vLohdkjkRed vuqfØ;k (Rejective Response)—,d ijEijkxr lekt vk/qfudhdj.k dks vLohdkj
dj ldrk gSa ;g vusd izdkj ls fofo/ Lrjksa ij gks ldrk gSA 'kfDr'kkyh lewg] HkwlkeUr'kkgh] ljdkjh
LoYirU=k (oligarchy), etnwj la?k rFkk /ekZU/ yksx vius fgrksa dh j{kk ds fy, vk/qfudhdj.k dks
grksRlkfgr dj ldrs gSaA lkekftd iwokZxzg (prejudices), ijEijkxr thou ds dqN Lo:iksa] fo'oklksa
o izFkkvksa esa n`<+ vkLFkk rFkk fo'ks"k #fp dqn yksxksa dks vk/qfudhdj.k dh izfØ;k dks vLohdkj djus
vkSj ijEijkRed O;oLFkk dks cuk, j[kus ds fy, ckè; dj ldrs gSaA
2- fodYi;qDr vuqfØ;k (Disjunctive Response)—izkphu vkSj uohu ds chp lfU/ (conjunction)
vuqfØ;k vFkok vk/qfudhdj.k rFkk ijEijkRedrk ds chp lg&vfLrRo (co-existence) rc gksrk gS
tc vk/qfudhdj.k dh izfØ;k ijEijkxr thou dks izHkkfor fd;s fcuk gh fuLi`g
(detached) fodkl ds :i esa pyrk jgrk gSa bl izdkj vk/qfudhdj.k rFkk ijEijkRed O;oLFkk esa
dksbZ la?k"kZ ugha gksrk D;ksafd izkphu O;oLFkk dks dksbZ [krjk ugha gksrkA vk/qfudhdj.k ds y{k.k
ijEijkRed thou ds lkFk&lkFk jgrs gSaA
3- vkRelkrh vuqfØ;k (Assimilative Response)—bl vuqfØ;k esa ijEijkxr O;oLFkk }kjk vkèkqfudhdj.k
dh izfØ;k dk vkRelkrhdj.k fufgr bl vuqfØ;k esa ijEijkxr thou dks izHkkfor fd;s fcuk gh
fuLi`g (detached) fodkl ds :i esa pyrk jgrk gSA bl izdkj vk/qfuddj.k rFkk ijEijkRed
O;oLFkk esa dksbZ la?k"kZ ugha gksrk D;ksafd izkphu O;oLFkk dks dksbZ [krjk ugha gksrkA vkèkqfudhdj.k ds
y{k.k ijEijkRed thou ds lkFk&lkFk jgrs gSaA

4- leFkZd vuqfØ;k (Supportive Response)—blds vUrxZr uohu o vk/qfud ckrsa Lohdkj dh tkrh
gSa D;ksafd muls ijEijkRed O;oLFkk dks cy feyrk gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ] iqfyl ;k lsuk esa vkèkqfudhdj.k
dh izfØ;k dh dk;Z {kerk rFkk lsuk dh 'kfDr esa o`f¼ djrh gSA fofo/ ijEijkRed lewg vkSj laLFkk,a
ijEijkxr fgrksa dks tkjh j[kus ds fy, vk/qfudhdj.k }kjk iznÙk voljksa dk iz;kdz djrs gSa rFkk
ijEijkxr fLFkfr dks n`<+rk ls cuk, j[krs gSaA vk/qfudhdj.k ijEijkRed fgrksa dks vkxs c<+k, j[kus ds
fy, lalk/u vkSj lqfo/k,a viyC/ djk ldrk gSA

5- fo?kVudkjh vuqfØ;k (Disruptive Response)—bl vuqfØ;k esa ijEijkRed O;oLFkk dks dbZ
fcUnqvksa ij lek;kstu }kjk [kks[kyk cuk;k tkrk gS tks fd vk/qfudhdj.k }kjk mRiUu fLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.k
fd;k tkrk gSA
lk/kj.kr;k ;s ikapksa vuqfØ;k,a fofo/ la;kstuksa (combinations) }kjk ijEijkxr O;oLFkk ds fofo/ fcUnqvksa ij
gksrh jgrh gSA vuqfØ;k,a ojh;rkvksa (preferenes), #fp;ksa (interests), rFkk ewY;ksa (values) ls izHkkfor gksrh
jgrh gSaA
ekbju ohuj (Myron Weiner, 1966:8) ds vuqlkj vk/qfudhdj.k dks lEHko cukus okys izeq[k lk/u
(instruments) bl izdkj gSa%
1- f'k{kk (Education)—f'k{kk jk"Vªh;rk dk Hkko tkx`r djrh gS rFkk rduhdh uohurkvksa ds fy,
vko';d n{krk vkSj vfHk#fp;k¡ iSnk djrh gSA ,MoMZ f'kYi us Hkh vk/qfudhdj.k dh izfØ;k esa f'k{kk

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