Page 211 - DSOC202_SOCIAL_STRATIFICATION_HINDI

lkekftd Lrjhdj.k

uksV 11-1-3 xfr'khyrk osQ vk;ke

nks fof/;k¡ (Two Methods)μlkekftd xfr'khyrk osQ vè;;u osQ nks rjhosQ gSaμ
1- ifjofrZr ikjEifjd xfr'khyrk (Changed Traditional Mobility)μO;fDr bl ckr dk vè;;u
dj ldrk gS fd ,d O;fDr vius dk;Z thou osQ nkSjku vius O;olk; esa lkekftd ekunaM osQ vuqlkj
fdruk Åij ;k uhps tkrk gSA
2- vUrikjEifjd xfr'khyrk (Inter-Traditional Mobility)μbl ckr dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk ldrk gS
fd cPps vius firk ;k nknk dh rjg mlh izdkj osQ dk;Z esa dgk¡ rd tkrs gSaA ih<+h osQ ckn xfr'khyrk
dks vUr%ikjaifjd xfr'khyrk dgk tkrk gSA
fdlh O;fDr osQ thoudky esa ifjorZuksa osQ fdlh ,d ¯cnq ls fd;k x;k vè;;u ifjofrZr ikjaifjd xfr'khyrk
osQ vè;;u dk fo"k; gSA ;fn vè;;u nks ;k rhu ih<+h osQ ckn ifjokj esa gq, ifjorZuksa osQ fdlh ,d ¯cnq ls
fd;k tk,] rks ;g var% ikjaifjd xfr'khyrk dk fo"k; gSA
dkjd (Factors)μCyks vkSj Madu (1976) osQ vuqlkj fdlh O;fDr dks vius dk;Z osQ lksiku ij Åij p<+us
esa fuEufyf[kr ckrksa dk izHkko iM+rk gSμ

1- f'k{kk dh ek=kk
2- O;fDr osQ izFke dk;Z dh fLFkfr_ vkSj
3- firk dk O;olk;A

ifjofrZr ikjaifjd xfr'khyrk dks izeq[k :i ls O;kolkf;d xfr'khyrk osQ :i eas
Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA

xfr'khyrk dh lhek (Range of Mobility)μO;fDr lkekftd iSekus ls Åij ;k uhps dh vksj tkrs ler; ,d
;k vusd Lrjksa ls xqtj ldrs gSaA bl izdkj lqfuf'pr dh x;h lkekftd lhek dks jsat (lhek) dk uke fn;k
x;k gSA bl rjg osQ lapyu esa lhfer lkekftd lhek vFkkZr~ de nwjh rd ifjorZu gks ldrk gSA
Cyks vkSj Madu us vè;;u esa ;g ik;k fd vesfjdk esa vf/d lksikukRed xfr'khyrk gS rFkk vf/d lhek okyh
(ykWUx jsat) xfr'khyrk u osQ cjkcj gSA izsaQd ikfo±Qu us vius vè;;u (1963) esa gaxjh esa iwoZ&lkE;oknh 'kklu
esa vf/d lhek okyh (ykWUx jsat) xfr'khyrk osQ vf/d mnkgj.k ns[ksaA
uhps dh rjiQ xfr'khyrk (Descending Mobility)μ,aVksuh fxM~Mu osQ vuqlkj uhps dh rjiQ xfr'khyrk
Åij dh rjiQ okyh xfr'khyrk dh vis{kk de izpfyr gSA mlosQ fu"d"kks± osQ vuqlkj] baXySaM esa 20 izfr'kr
ls vf/d O;fDr uhps dh vksj var%ikjaifjd :i ls xfr'khy gSaA ysfdu vf/dka'k xfr'khyrk lhfer gSA uhps
dh vksj ifjofrZr xfr'khyrk lkekU; ckr gSA ns[kk x;k gS fd v/sM+ O;oLFkk osQ os O;fDr ftudk dk;Z NwV
tkrk gS] os igys ls de vk; okyk dk;Z djus yxrs gSaA
vè;;uksa ls ;g Kkr gksrk gS fd ifjofrZr xfr'khyrk osQ lanHkks± esa uhps dh rjiQ xfr'khyrk esa vf/dka'kr% efgyk,¡
gksrh gSa] D;ksafd vf/dka'k efgyk,¡ viuk vHkh"V O;olk; izlo osQ le; NksM+ nsrh gSaA ifjokj dk ikyu djosQ
osQ oqQN o"kks± ckn os osruHkksxh dk;Z djus yxrh gSa] ij ;g dk;Z ;k in izk;% igys ls de vk; okyk gksrk gSA
Åij dh rjiQ xfr'khyrk (Ascending Mobility)μvk/qfud lektksa esa /u vkSj lEifÙk izkIr djuk mRd"kZ

osQ fy, eq[; lk/u gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZ] lEekutud dk;Z (tSls] U;k;k/h'k vkfn) djuk] MkWDVj dh mikf/ izkIr
djuk] ;k fiQj oSHko'kkyh ifjokj esa fookg djuk vkfnA

210 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY