Page 38 - DSOC202_SOCIAL_STRATIFICATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—3% lkekftd Lrjhdj.k dk fl¼kar&I

bldh izdk;Zoknh O;k[;k ;g gS fd izR;sd lekt dks lkekftd lajpuk esa O;fDr;ksa dk LFkku fu/kZfjr djus uksV
rFkk mUgsa izsfjr djus dh vko';drk dk vuqHko gksrk gSA lkFk gh] lHkh lektksa esa vyx&vyx fLFkfr;ksa
esa izfr"Bk osQ forj.k esa vUrj ik;s tkrs gSa] bl vUrj dk vk/kj <w¡<+us dk iz;Ru Hkh bl fl¼kar esa fd;k
x;k gSA izks- Msfol rFkk ewj us lkekftd Lrjhdj.k osQ ,d ,sls lkoZHkkSfed fl¼kUr dks izLrqr djus dh
ps"Vk dh gS] ftlesa Lrjhdj.k osQ vk/kjksa dk Li"V fo'ys"k.k gksA
Lrjhdj.k dk vk/kj (Basis of Stratification)μizks- Msfol rFkk ewj osQ vuqlkj lekt esa fLFkfr;ksa dk
m¡Qps&uhps dk laLrj.k gksrk gSA rFkkfi ,d fLFkfr (status) dk m¡Qpk ;k uhpk gksuk bl ckr ij fuHkZj djrk
gS fd ml fLFkfr dk izdk;kZRed egÙo vf/d ;k de gSA oju~ ;g bl ckr ij fuHkZj ugha djrk gS fd
ml fLFkfr dk izdk;kZRed egÙo vf/d ;k de gSA oju~ ;g bl ckr ij fuHkZj djrk gS fd ml LFkku
dh iw£r ljyrkiwoZd gks ldrh gS] rks ml LFkku ij dk;Z djus okys O;fDr dks mPp fLFkfr iznku djus
dh dksbZ vko';drk vuqHko ugha dh tkrhA ij ;fn LFkku egÙoiw.kZ gS vkSj mldh iw£r ljyrkiwoZd ugha
gks ldrh gks] rks mlls lEcfU/r O;fDr dks mPp fLFkfr o izfr"Bk iznku dh tkrh gSA
dk;Z djus dh {kerk (Working Capability)μizR;sd fLFkfr esa] pkgs og iznÙk fLFkfr (ascribed status)
gks vFkok v£tr fLFkfr (achieved status)] cus jgus osQ fy, oqQN dk;Z&dkS'ky ;k dk;Z djus dh {kerk
dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ;g dk;Z&dkS'ky ;k rks tUetkr gksrk gS vFkok izf'k{k.k (training) }kjk izkIr
fd;k tkrk gSA
1- oqQN inksa ;k fLFkfr;ksa ij dke djus osQ fy, mPp dksfV osQ iSr`d xq.kksa dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
;fn ,sls O;fDr lekt osQ iSr`d xq.kksa dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ;fn ,sls O;fDr lekt esa cgqr gh
de la[;k esa gSa] rks mudh lkekftd fLFkfr vfr mPp o izfr"Bkewyd ekuh tk,xhA
2- oqQN fLFkfr;k¡ ,slh gksrh gSa ftu ij os yksx gh fojkteku gks ldrs gSa ftUgsa yEcs] egaxs rFkk foLr`r
izf'k{k.k izkIr gSaA ;fn bl izdkj osQ izf'k{k.k lekt esa lqyHk ugha gSa] rks ,sls izf'k{k.k (training)
cgqr de yksxksa dks gh izkIr gks losaQxs vkSj mudh lkekftd fLFkfr m¡Qph o egÙoiw.kZ ekuh tk,xhA
egÙoiw.kZ n'kk,¡ (Important Conditions)μfofHkUu lektksa esa fLFkfr;ksa dk egÙo fHkUu&fHkUu izdkj dk
gksrk gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd izR;sd lekt dks vkUrfjd rFkk cká n'kk,¡ vyx&vyx gksrh gSaA
fuEufyf[kr izeq[k n'kk,¡ bl fLFkfr dks izHkkfor djrh gSaA
1- vkUrfjd n'kk,¡μ(v) fo'ks"khdj.k dh ek=kk (Degree of specialization)] (c) izdk;kZRed egÙo
dh izÑfr (The nature of functional emphasis)] (l) }s"k mRiUu djus okyh fHkUurkvksa dh ek=kk
(The magnitude of invidious differences)] (n) lekt esa Lrjh; laxBu dh ek=kk (The degree
of stratum solidarity)] ,oa (;) voljksa dh ek=kk (The degree of opportunities)A
2- cká n'kk,¡μ(d) lkaLÑfrd fodkl dk Lrj (The stage of cultural development)] ([k) nwljs
lektksa osQ lUnHkZ esa ml lekt dh ifjfLFkfr (Situation with respect to other societies)] ,oa (x)
lekt dk vkdkj (Size of the society)A

Lrjhdj.k osQ izdk;Z (Functions of Stratification)μMsfol vkSj ewj osQ vuqlkj fofHkUu inksa ij lcls mÙke
O;fDr pqus tk,a vkSj os vPNk dke djsa] ;g lqfuf'pr djus osQ fy, lokZf/d izHkkoh mik; lkekftd
Lrjhdj.k gSA ;g iz.kkyh blfy, izHkkoh gS fd ;g lekt esa vyx&vyx inksa ;k LFkkuksa osQ fy, vleku
ikfjrksf"kd vkSj fo'ks"kkf/dkj nsrh gSA lHkh yksxksa dks vxj leku ikfjrksf"kd vkSj fo'ks"kkf/dkj nsrh gSA lHkh
yksxksa dks vxj leku iqjLdkj fn;k tk,] rks muesa dBksj Je djus dh dksbZ vkdka{kk ugha jgsxhA vleku
ikfjrksf"kd dh bl O;oLFkk osQ nksgjs ykHk fuEu izdkj gSaμ

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