Page 101 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 4 % Øeokpd mi;ksfxrk fl¼kar % rVLFkrk ;k vukfèkeku oØ n`f"Vdks.k

oqQy [kjhn] izkjafHkd oszQrkvksa (Initial Buyers) }kjk dh gqbZ [kjhn esa oqQy deh dh rqyuk esa c<+ uksV
ldrh gSA ,slk Hkh laHko gS fd izkjafHkd oszQrk (Initial Buyers) dher de gksus ij lnk vfèkd
[kjhnus osQ fo#¼ ;k vfuPNqd ughaa gksrs] dbZ ckj nqdkunkj vfèkd fMLdkmaV dk ykyp nsdj xqIr
:i ls dher esa deh yk nsrs gSa vkSj oszQrkvksa dks vfèkd [kjhnus osQ fy, jkth dj ldrs gSaA
2- vKkurk (Ignorance)μdbZ ckj miHkksDrk osQoy vKkurk o Hkze osQ dkj.k fdlh oLrq dh uhph
dher ij mldks de egÙoiw.kZ le>rs gSa vkSj mldh de ek=kk [kjhnrs gSa] ijarq dher vfèkd gksus
ij mls vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ ;k mPp&dksfV dh ekuus yxrs gSaA csUge us blosQ fy, ,d jkspd mnkgj.k
cryk;k gS fd izFke egk;q¼ esa rLohjksa okyh ,d fdrkc Nkih xbZ ftldh dher osQoy lk<s+ nl
f'k¯yx (10. 5 Sh.) j[kh xbZA ijarq bl dher ij xzkgd vkdf"kZr ughaa gq,A ;q¼ osQ ckn ogh fdrkc
fiQj Nkih xbZ vkSj bldh dher lk<+s rhu ikSaM j[kh xbZA bl ckj fdrkc gkFkksa&gkFk fcd xbZA fdrkc
dh vfèkd dher ls yksxksa us ;g le>k fd eg¡xh gksus osQ dkj.k fdrkc mPp dksfV dh gS vkSj mldh
ek¡x Hkh c<+ xbZA
3- fxÝiQu inkFkZ (Giffen Goods)μfxÝiQu inkFkZ (ftudk uke 19oha 'krkCnh osQ vFkZ'kkL=kh jkWcVZ
fxÝiQu ls tqM+k gS) fuEudksfV osQ os inkFkZ gSa ftudh dher esa deh gksus ij ek¡x de gks tkrh gSA
bl izdkj ek¡x dk fu;e bu ij ykxw ughaa gksrkA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ,d lkèkkj.k miHkksDrk osQ fy,
^cktjk* fuEu dksfV dh oLrq gSA ^cktjk* dh dher tSls gh fxjrh gS] miHkksDrk dh okLrfod vk;
c<+ tkrh gSA og viuh c<+h gqbZ okLrfod vk; ls ^xsgw¡*
vfèkd [kjhnsxk vkSj bl izdkj ^cktjk* dh ek¡x de gks
è;ku jf[k;s
tk,xhA vr,o~ fuEu dksfV osQ inkFkZ dh dher de gksus ij
mudh ek¡x de gks tkrh gS rFkk dher c<+us ij mudh ek¡x lHkh ?kfV;k inkFkZ fxÝiQu inkFkZ ughaa
gksrsA osQoy os ?kfV;k inkFkZ gh fxÝiQu
c<+ tkrh gSA ;g è;ku j[kuk pkfg;s fd osQoy os gh
inkFkZ gksrs gSa ftudk ½.kkRed vk;
fuEudksfV osQ inkFkZ ftu ij ek¡x dk fu;e ykxw ughaa gksrk]
izHkko izfrLFkkiu izHkko ls vfèkd gksrk
fxÝiQu inkFkZ dgykrs gSaaA ijarq ;g vko';d ughaa gS fd
gSA
ek¡x dk fu;e lHkh izdkj osQ fuEudksfV osQ inkFkks± ij ykxw
gksA

4-37 ek¡x fl¼kar vokLrfod gS % miHkksDrk O;ogkj ek¡x fl¼kar osQ foijhr gS
(Demand Theory is Unrealistic : Consumer Behaviour
Contradictory to Demand Theory)

bl lanHkZ esa oqQN egÙoiw.kZ fu"d"kZ ;k voyksdu fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
1- lHkh miHkksDrk leku :i ls O;ogkj ughaa djrs (All Consumer do not Behave in the
Same Way)μgk¡] ;g lp gS fd lHkh miHkksDrkvksa dk lHkh le;ksa esa leku ;k ,d&lk O;ogkj
ughaa gksrkA bl lanHkZ esa nks laHkkfor fLFkfr;k¡ fo'ks"k :i ls è;ku nsus ;ksX; gSaμ
(a) viuk fu.kZ; ysus esa oqQN miHkksDrk lnSo viuh HkkoukRed lksp&fopkj ls vfèkd izHkkfor gksrs
gSa u fd vkfFkZd foosd 'kfDr lsA
viuh Hkkoukvksa ls izokfgr gksdj ,d ek¡ twrksa dh xq.koÙkk (vius cPps osQ fy,] [kjhn jgh gS)
dk vuqeku osQoy mudh dher }kjk yxkrh gSA mQ¡ph dher dk vFkZ gS mQ¡ph xq.koÙkk vkSj
blfy, oLrq dh vfèkd [kjhnA D;k ;g foosd ml ek¡x fl¼kar ls esy [kkrk gS tks dher vkSj
ek¡xh xbZ ek=kk osQ chp foijhr lacaèk dks crykrk gS\ mÙkj gS fuf'pr :i ls ughaaA

ijarq ,slk O;ogkj ,d viokn gks ldrk gS] fu;e ughaaA oqQN ekrk,¡ Hkh HkkoukRed :i ls
O;ogkj djrh gSa] tcfd vfèkdka'k ekrk,¡ cqf¼'khyrk ;k roZQ'khyrk ;k foosd ls dk;Z djrh

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