Page 102 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV gSa vFkkZr~ os de dher ij gh oLrq dh vfèkd ek=kk [kjhnrh gSaA blfy, fdlh ,d oLrq osQ
fy, ek¡x oØ dk <yku mQij dh vksj gks ldrk gS] ijarq vfèkdrj oszQrkvksa osQ fy, bldk <yku
½.kkRed gh cuk jgsxkA ;fn Hkkoqd oszQrk cktkj esa csph xbZ oqQy ek=kk dk osQoy FkksM+k izfr'kr
gh [kjhnrs gSa] ek¡x oØ dk <yku fiQj Hkh uhps dh vksj vFkok ½.kkRed gksxk] cs'kd oqQN
(Hkkoqd) oszsQrkvksa osQ fy, bld <yku èkukRed gh D;ksa u gksA
(b) dHkh&dHkh] lHkh miHkksDRkk vfèkd dher ij oLrq dh vfèkd ek=kk [kjhn dj viuk
ludh (Erratic) ;k vfLFkj (;k vfoosd'khy) O;ogkj fn[kyk ldrs gSaA blosQ vuq:i
,sls volj gks ldrs gSa fd tc izR;sd miHkksDrk dk O;ogkj ek¡x fl¼kar osQ ekunaM@izfreku
(Norm) ls esy ughaa [kkrk gksA ijarq ;gk¡ Hkh ,dne ;g fu"d"kZ ughaa fudky ysuk pkfg, fd
ek¡x dk fu;e ;k ek¡x fl¼kar O;kogkfjd :i ls vliQy gks tkrk gSA ;gk¡ miHkksDrk osQ mijksDr
ludh O;ogkj osQ lanHkZ esa mldk vfoosd'khy O;ogkj cktkj esa mu vfèkdka'k oszQrkvksa osQ
O;ogkj }kjk jí ;k oSaQly gks tkrk gS tks lkekU; O;ogkj okys (Normal Behaviour)
miHkksDrk gSaA
2- ek¡x vkSj #fp cnyrh gS (Demand and Taste Changes)μ^#fp;k¡* dksbZ ek=kkRed
pj@ifjorhZ (Quantitative Variable) ughaa gSA fdlh oLrq osQ fy, ek¡x ij blosQ izHkko dks ekiuk
laHko ughaa gSA vfèkd ls vfèkd ge osQoy bldk vuqeku gh yxk ldrs gSaA ijarq vuqeku
(Guessing) ek¡x fl¼kar dh lPpkbZ vFkok vkSfpR; ij ,d iz'ufpÉ NksM+ tkrk gSA ;g ml fu;e
ij Hkh iz'u fpÉ NksM+ tkrk gS tks dher vkSj ek¡xh xbZ ek=kk osQ chp foijhr lacaèk dks crykrk gSA

mnkgj.k (Illustration)

bl fLFkfr dks fp=k 4-41 esa ns[ksaa] ;g fp=k bl ekU;rk ij cuk;k x;k gS fd vU; dhersa (;k lacafèkr oLrqvksa
dh dhersa) rFkk miHkksDrk dh vk; fLFkj gSA fp=k 4-41 nks laHkkoukvksa dks izdV djrk gSμ

laHkkouk 1 (Possibility 1)μek¡xh xbZ ek=kk dk dher ls èkukRed lacaèk gS] blfy, ek¡x oØ d ij fcaanq
3
‘a’ ls ¯cnq ‘b’ ij f[kldko] ;g fxÝiQu oLrqvksa osQ ekeys ;k fo"k; dh Hkk¡fr gSA
laHkkouk 2 (Possibility 2)μoLrq dh dher esa o`f¼ gksus osQ lkFk miHkksDrk dh #fp;ksa dk oLrq osQ
vuqowQy dkiQh LFkkukarj.k gks tkrk gSA blosQ iQyLo:i ek¡x oØ d ls d LFkkukarj.k gksus osQ dkj.k ¯cnq
1 2
‘a’ ls ¯cnq ‘b’ ij LFkkukarj.k gksrk gSA ;g lkekU; oLrqvksa dk ekeyk ;k mnkgj.k gSA

fp=k 4-41

Y

d
3

Price b

a
d
2
d
1
O X
Quantity

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