Page 354 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV lekukarj gksrk gS D;ksafd dher ek£dV }kjk fuf'pr dh tkrh gS vkSj iQeZ ml dher ij viuh oLrq dh
ek=kk csprh gSA bl izdkj iQeZ larqyu esa gksrh gS tc MC = MR = AR (dher)A ykHk vfèkdredj.k
okyh iQeZ dk larqyu fp=k 18-1 esa n'kkZ;k x;k gS tgk¡ MR oØ dks MC oØ igys ¯cnq A ij dkVrk gSA
;g MC = MR dh 'krZ dks iwjk djrk gS ijarq ;g vfèkdre ykHk dk ¯cnq ugha gS D;ksafd A osQ ckn MC
oØ uhps jgrk gS MR oØ osQA iQeZ osQ fy, U;wure mRiknu OM ykHknk;d ugha gS D;ksafd OM ls vfèkd
mRiknu djosQ iQeZ vis{kkÑr vfèkd ykHk mBk ldrh gSA ijarq OM ij igq¡pdj iQeZ vkxs mRiknu can dj
1
nsxhA OM mRiknu dk og Lrj gS tgk¡ larqyu dh nksuksa 'krs± iwjh gks tkrh gSaA ;fn iQeZ OM ls vfèkd
1 1
mRiknu djuk pkgrh gS rks mls gkfu mBkuh iM+sxh D;ksafd larqyu ¯cnq B osQ ckn lhekar vkxe ls lhekar
ykxr c<+ tkrh gSA bl izdkj iQeZ vius ykHk dks M B dher ij rFkk OM mRiknu Lrj ij vius ykHkksa
1 1
dks vfèkdre djrh gSA

fp=k 18-1

Revenue/Cost A B MC AR

=MR

OM M
1
Output

,dkfèkdkj osQ varxZr ykHk vfèkdredj.k (Profit Maximisation under Monopoly)
,dkfèkdkj esa ,d oLrq dk ,d foozsQrk (vFkok mRiknd) gksus ij] ,dkfèkdkj iQeZ Lo;a gksrh gSA blfy,
bldk ek¡x oØ nkb± vksj uhps <kyw gksrk gS] ;g ekudj fd bl dh #fp;k¡ vkSj vkenfu;k¡ nh gqbZ gSaA og
dher cukus okyh (Price-Maker) gksrh gS tks vius vfèkdre ykHk osQ fy, dher fuf'pr dj ldrh
gSA ijarq bldk ;g vFkZ ugha fd og dher vkSj mRiknu dh ek=kk nksuksa gh fuf'pr dj ldrh gSA ;g nksuksa
esa ls ,d ckr dj ldrh gSA ;fn iQeZ vius mRiknu Lrj dks pqu ysrh gS] rks mldh dher dks mldh oLrq
dh ek£dV ek¡x fuèkkZfjr djrh gSA vFkok] ;fn og viuh oLrq dh dher fuf'pr djrh gS] rks mlosQ mRiknu
dk Lrj bl ckr ls fuèkkZfjr gksrk gS fd miHkksDrk ml dher ij oLrq dh fdruh ek=kk,¡ [kjhnsaxsA fLFkfr oqQN
Hkh gks] ,dkfèkdkj iQeZ dk vafre mís'; vius ykHkksa dks vfèkdre djuk gSA ,dkfèkdkj iQeZ dh larqyu
dh 'krs± gSaμ(1) MC = MR < AR (dher)] vkSj (2) MR oØ dks MC oØ uhps ls dkVrk gSA

fp=k 18-2

MC
Price and Cost P A MR D(AR)

B

O Q
Output

348 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY